TY - JOUR
T1 - Understanding and exploiting late blight resistance in the age of effectors
AU - Vleeshouwers, V.G.A.A.
AU - Raffaele, S.
AU - Vossen, J.H.
AU - Champouret, N.
AU - Oliva, R.F.
AU - Segretin, M.E.
AU - Rietman, H.
AU - Cano, L.M.
AU - Lokossou, A.A.
AU - Kessel, G.J.T.
AU - Pel, M.
AU - Kamoun, S.
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the world’s third-largest food crop. It severely suffers from late blight, a devastating disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. This oomycete pathogen secretes host-translocated RXLR effectors that include avirulence (AVR) proteins, which are targeted by resistance (R) proteins from wild Solanum species. Most Solanum R genes appear to have coevolved with P. infestans at its center of origin in central Mexico. Various R and Avr genes were recently cloned, and here we catalog characterized R-AVR pairs. We describe the mechanisms that P. infestans employs for evading R protein recognition and discuss partial resistance and partial virulence phenotypes in the context of our knowledge of effector diversity and activity. Genome-wide catalogs of P. infestans effectors are available, enabling effectoromics approaches that accelerate R gene cloning and specificity profiling. Engineering R genes with expanded pathogen recognition has also become possible. Importantly, monitoring effector allelic diversity in pathogen populations can assist in R gene deployment in agriculture
AB - Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the world’s third-largest food crop. It severely suffers from late blight, a devastating disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. This oomycete pathogen secretes host-translocated RXLR effectors that include avirulence (AVR) proteins, which are targeted by resistance (R) proteins from wild Solanum species. Most Solanum R genes appear to have coevolved with P. infestans at its center of origin in central Mexico. Various R and Avr genes were recently cloned, and here we catalog characterized R-AVR pairs. We describe the mechanisms that P. infestans employs for evading R protein recognition and discuss partial resistance and partial virulence phenotypes in the context of our knowledge of effector diversity and activity. Genome-wide catalogs of P. infestans effectors are available, enabling effectoromics approaches that accelerate R gene cloning and specificity profiling. Engineering R genes with expanded pathogen recognition has also become possible. Importantly, monitoring effector allelic diversity in pathogen populations can assist in R gene deployment in agriculture
KW - phytophthora-infestans mont.
KW - potato late blight
KW - allele conferring resistance
KW - tuberosum subsp tuberosum
KW - broad-spectrum resistance
KW - race-specific resistance
KW - solanum section petota
KW - zinc-finger nucleases
KW - r-gene differentials
KW - host-plant cells
U2 - 10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095326
DO - 10.1146/annurev-phyto-072910-095326
M3 - Article
SN - 0066-4286
VL - 49
SP - 507
EP - 531
JO - Annual Review of Phytopathology
JF - Annual Review of Phytopathology
ER -