TY - JOUR
T1 - Transmission of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) among pigs experimentally quantified
AU - Maurice, H.
AU - Nielen, M.
AU - Stegeman, J.A.
AU - Vanderhallen, H.
AU - Koenen, F.
N1 - PORmap nr. 1262
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - Two types of transmission experiments were performed to estimate the basic reproduction ratio R0, indicating the level of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) transmission among pigs. In a first experimental set-up with nine separate pairs, one randomly chosen piglet per pair was inoculated with a Belgian (myocardial) EMCV strain (B279/95, 103 TCID50/ml oronasally) and placed back into the pen. In the second experiment with two separate groups of five piglets, two piglets in each group were inoculated at the start. During the experiments, viraemia in blood and excretions was measured as well as the serological response against EMCV antigen. After death or euthanasia, the piglets were checked for heart lesions and virus isolation was done on various tissues. In both the experiments, the majority of the inoculated piglets either died with typical heart lesions (five out of nine and three out of four resp.), or produced high levels of neutralising antibody. EMC virus was isolated from the hearts of all piglets that died during either one of the experiments. The pairwise experiment revealed a point estimate for R0 of 2.0 (95␌onfidence interval (CI)=0.37–10.74), while the group experiment resulted in a R0-value of 0.71 (95␌I=0.08–4.93). Combining the information from both experiments results in an estimate for R0 of 1.24 (95␌I=0.39–4.35). Since R0 has values around the threshold value of 1, the spread of EMCV due to contacts between pigs will in most cases be limited, but due to chance processes may lead to large outbreaks as well
AB - Two types of transmission experiments were performed to estimate the basic reproduction ratio R0, indicating the level of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) transmission among pigs. In a first experimental set-up with nine separate pairs, one randomly chosen piglet per pair was inoculated with a Belgian (myocardial) EMCV strain (B279/95, 103 TCID50/ml oronasally) and placed back into the pen. In the second experiment with two separate groups of five piglets, two piglets in each group were inoculated at the start. During the experiments, viraemia in blood and excretions was measured as well as the serological response against EMCV antigen. After death or euthanasia, the piglets were checked for heart lesions and virus isolation was done on various tissues. In both the experiments, the majority of the inoculated piglets either died with typical heart lesions (five out of nine and three out of four resp.), or produced high levels of neutralising antibody. EMC virus was isolated from the hearts of all piglets that died during either one of the experiments. The pairwise experiment revealed a point estimate for R0 of 2.0 (95␌onfidence interval (CI)=0.37–10.74), while the group experiment resulted in a R0-value of 0.71 (95␌I=0.08–4.93). Combining the information from both experiments results in an estimate for R0 of 1.24 (95␌I=0.39–4.35). Since R0 has values around the threshold value of 1, the spread of EMCV due to contacts between pigs will in most cases be limited, but due to chance processes may lead to large outbreaks as well
KW - Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV)
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Modelling
KW - Pig viruses
KW - R0
U2 - 10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00127-X
DO - 10.1016/S0378-1135(02)00127-X
M3 - Article
SN - 0378-1135
VL - 88
SP - 301
EP - 314
JO - Veterinary Microbiology
JF - Veterinary Microbiology
ER -