Abstract
Background: More information is needed on the efficacy of carotenoids from plant foods in improving vitamin A status.
Objective: We aimed to quantify the efficacy of provitamin A¿rich vegetables and fruit in improving vitamin A status.
Design: Breastfeeding women in 9 rural communes in Vietnam were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 groups: the vegetable group (n = 73), which ingested 5.6 mg ß-carotene/d from green leafy vegetables; the fruit group (n = 69), which ingested 4.8 mg ß-carotene/d from orange or yellow fruit; the retinol-rich group (n = 70), which ingested 610 µg retinol/d from animal foods and 0.6 mg ß-carotene/d; and the control group (n = 68), which ingested 0.4 mg ß-carotene/d. Meals of groups 1, 2, and 4 contained
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1112-1120 |
Journal | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |
Volume | 85 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2007 |
Keywords
- beta-carotene
- leafy vegetables
- alpha-carotene
- dark-green
- bioavailability
- children
- spinach
- humans
- lutein
- consumption