The composition of a graph on the decline of total body strength with age based on pushing, pulling, twisting and gripping force

This study is part of a large project on design-relevant characteristics of ageing users. A total of 750 young and elderly, male and female subjects were tested. All subjects were able to live independently. Differences between the sexes were mapped as well as changes in force with age. The relationships between five different isometric forces (pushing, pulling, twisting and left and right gripping) were investigated. The possibilities of extending information on these forces to other forces and other subject groups were also studied. The results indicate that the different types of force are closely related. A strength score was devised. We conclude that calculation of unmeasured forces by means of a general strength score could be possible. Furthermore, we found that the percentage decrease in strength with age is similar for men and women. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.