Abstract
Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Passalora fulva) is a biotrophic
fungal pathogen that causes tomato leaf mold. To establish a
successful infection, C. fulvum secretes effectors during
colonization of the host, ten of which have been characterized.
For the majority of these characterized effectors, cognate C.
fulvum (Cf) resistance loci that mediate resistance (so-called
effector-triggered immunity) have been identified in tomato. In
absence of Cf-mediated recognition, the C. fulvum effectors are
thought to play a role in pathogen virulence and previous
studies have indeed shown that three of these effectors, Avr2,
Avr4 and Ecp6, contribute significantly to C. fulvum virulence.
We now demonstrate that two additional effector proteins,
Avr4E and Avr9, are similarly required for full pathogen
virulence. Heterologous expression of Avr4E or Avr9 in tomato
results in enhanced colonization of C. fulvum strains that lack
these effectors. Moreover, Avr4E-producing tomato displays
enhanced susceptibility to the vascular wilt pathogen
Verticillium dahliae. Our results show that Avr4E and Avr9 are
potent effectors and strengthen the hypothesis that all C.
fulvum effector proteins are genuine virulence factors
fungal pathogen that causes tomato leaf mold. To establish a
successful infection, C. fulvum secretes effectors during
colonization of the host, ten of which have been characterized.
For the majority of these characterized effectors, cognate C.
fulvum (Cf) resistance loci that mediate resistance (so-called
effector-triggered immunity) have been identified in tomato. In
absence of Cf-mediated recognition, the C. fulvum effectors are
thought to play a role in pathogen virulence and previous
studies have indeed shown that three of these effectors, Avr2,
Avr4 and Ecp6, contribute significantly to C. fulvum virulence.
We now demonstrate that two additional effector proteins,
Avr4E and Avr9, are similarly required for full pathogen
virulence. Heterologous expression of Avr4E or Avr9 in tomato
results in enhanced colonization of C. fulvum strains that lack
these effectors. Moreover, Avr4E-producing tomato displays
enhanced susceptibility to the vascular wilt pathogen
Verticillium dahliae. Our results show that Avr4E and Avr9 are
potent effectors and strengthen the hypothesis that all C.
fulvum effector proteins are genuine virulence factors
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | ISMPMI International Congress abstracts, Quebec City, Canada, 19-23 July 2009 |
| Publisher | International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Pages | 148-149 |
| Publication status | Published - 2009 |
| Event | XIV International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Quebec City, Canada - Duration: 19 Jul 2009 → 23 Jul 2009 |
Conference
| Conference | XIV International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Quebec City, Canada |
|---|---|
| Period | 19/07/09 → 23/07/09 |