Sugar Cane Genome Numbers Assumption by Ribosomal DNA FISH Techniques

Conventional cytological method is limited for polyploidy plant genome study, especially sugar cane chromosomes that show unstable numbers of each cultivar. Molecular cytogenetic as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques were used in this study. A basic chromosome number of sugar cane was estimated with three information; 1) number of 18S rDNA sites, 2) number of 5S rDNA sites and 3) total number of chromosomes. 18S and 5S rDNA were located by FISH techniques, the number of hom (e) ologous sites were illustrated in range of 7 to 9 and 13 to 15 sites. 110 chromosome numbers were shown in tapetal cells of flower buds of sugar cane. The implications of these results can predict about 14 basic chromosomes numbers but 5S rDNA seem reliable indicate for basic chromosome number and 18S rDNA were discussed about nucleolar dominance phenomenon of the sugar cane “KPS 00-25” cultivar