Spread in LCA results from using multiple data sets and modelling choices: A case study of PS disposable cups

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a standardized methodology, but LCAs of the same product often still lead to divers outcomes. This study purposely used multiple data sets and methodological choices in an LCA of a disposable PS cup to quantify how these variations propagate and lead to a spread in LCA-results. The results for the PS cup consistently show major contributions from PS production, cup manufacturing, incineration and recycling (and minor contributions from other processes). Notably differences in amounts and types of energy used and reported emissions caused variation in results. Energy related impact categories contain smaller spread than the toxicity categories. The spread in results might give less clear, but more certain results to decision makers.