Societal involvement in Natura 2000 areas: Experiences in Denmark, England and Germany

Since 2013, involving society in nature conservation has become an explicit ambition of the Dutch government. As neighbouring countries of the Netherlands have similar ambitions, this research reviewed the policies in these countries and the experiences gained in three study areas: Exmoor National Park (England); Naturpark Aukrug (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany) and Lille Vildmose (Denmark). The research shows that early engagement of local stakeholders, a motivating narrative, equality in cooperation, flexibility of subsidies and presence of local brokers are important elements of successful governance aimed at involving society.