Sensor data fusion in electrochemical applications: An overview and its application to electrochlorination monitoring

Sensor Data Fusion (SDF) is a widely used means of monitoring electrochemical processes. The application of SDF contributes to solving challenges in process efficiency, control and reliability. Due to recent, stringent regulations, there is a need to monitor the formation of by-products in electrochlorination, such as chlorate. For this development, the knowledge of SDF produced in neighboring fields of research, such as on batteries or fuel cells, can be of great value. This paper presents an overview of the application of SDF algorithms to monitor electrochemical processes, and discusses how to best apply SDF to monitor by-product concentrations in the context of electrochlorination. Both first-principles and data-driven approaches are discussed. Successful application of SDF to electrochlorination monitoring will improve the safety of drinking water supply. In addition, this overview can inspire and improve the application of SDF in the monitoring of other electrochemical systems.