Removal of soil biota alters soil feedback effects on plant growth and defense chemistry

Minggang Wang, Weibin Ruan*, Olga Kostenko, Sabrina Carvalho, S.E. Hannula, Patrick P.J. Mulder, Fengjiao Bu, Wim H. van der Putten, T.M. Bezemer

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

49 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We examined how the removal of soil biota affects plant–soil feedback (PSF) and defense chemistry of Jacobaea vulgaris, an outbreak plant species in Europe containing the defense compounds pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). Macrofauna and mesofauna, as well as fungi and bacteria, were removed size selectively from unplanted soil or soil planted with J. vulgaris exposed or not to above- or belowground insect herbivores. Wet-sieved fractions, using 1000-, 20-, 5- and 0.2-μm mesh sizes, were added to sterilized soil and new plants were grown. Sieving treatments were verified by molecular analysis of the inocula. In the feedback phase, plant biomass was lowest in soils with 1000- and 20-μm inocula, and soils conditioned with plants gave more negative feedback than without plants. Remarkably, part of this negative PSF effect remained present in the 0.2-μm inoculum where no bacteria were present. PA concentration and composition of plants with 1000- or 20-μm inocula differed from those with 5- or 0.2-μm inocula, but only if soils had been conditioned by undamaged plants or plants damaged by aboveground herbivores. These effects correlated with leaf hyperspectral reflectance. We conclude that size-selective removal of soil biota altered PSFs, but that these PSFs were also influenced by herbivory during the conditioning phase.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1478-1491
JournalNew Phytologist
Volume221
Issue number3
Early online date16 Sept 2018
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2019

Keywords

  • fractionation
  • Jacobaea vulgaris
  • plant–soil feedback (PSF)
  • pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs)
  • soil biota
  • spectral reflectance

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