Regional level risk factors associated with the occurrence of African swine fever in West and East Africa

Zheng Y.X. Huang; Frank van Langevelde; Karanina J. Honer; Marc Naguib; Willem F. de Boer

doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1953-z

Regional level risk factors associated with the occurrence of African swine fever in West and East Africa

Zheng Y.X. Huang^*, Frank van Langevelde, Karanina J. Honer, Marc Naguib, Willem F. de Boer

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: African swine fever (ASF) causes severe socio-economic impacts due to high mortality and trade restrictions. Many risk factors of ASF have been identified at farm level. However, understanding the risk factors, especially wild suid hosts, determining ASF transmission at regional level remains limited. Methods: Based on ASF outbreak data in domestic pigs during 2006-2014, we here tested, separately for West and East Africa, which risk factors were linked to ASF presence at a regional level, using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Our results show that ASF infections in the preceding year was an important predictor for ASF presence in both West and East Africa. Both pig density and human density were positively associated with ASF presence in West Africa. In East Africa, ASF outbreaks in domestic pigs were also correlated with higher percentages of areas occupied by giant forest hogs and by high-tick-risk areas. Conclusions: Our results suggest that regional ASF risk in East Africa and in West Africa were associated with different sets of risk factors. Regional ASF risk in West Africa mainly followed the domestic cycle, whereas the sylvatic cycle may influence regional ASF risk in East Africa. With these findings, we contribute to the better understanding of the risk factors of ASF occurrence at regional scales that may aid the implementation of effective control measures.

Original language	English
Article number	16
Journal	Parasites & Vectors
Volume	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1953-z
Publication status	Published - 2017

Keywords

Domestic cycle
Giant forest HOG
Habitat fragmentation
Ornithodoros moubata
Sylvatic cycle
Wild suid

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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title = "Regional level risk factors associated with the occurrence of African swine fever in West and East Africa",

abstract = "Background: African swine fever (ASF) causes severe socio-economic impacts due to high mortality and trade restrictions. Many risk factors of ASF have been identified at farm level. However, understanding the risk factors, especially wild suid hosts, determining ASF transmission at regional level remains limited. Methods: Based on ASF outbreak data in domestic pigs during 2006-2014, we here tested, separately for West and East Africa, which risk factors were linked to ASF presence at a regional level, using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Our results show that ASF infections in the preceding year was an important predictor for ASF presence in both West and East Africa. Both pig density and human density were positively associated with ASF presence in West Africa. In East Africa, ASF outbreaks in domestic pigs were also correlated with higher percentages of areas occupied by giant forest hogs and by high-tick-risk areas. Conclusions: Our results suggest that regional ASF risk in East Africa and in West Africa were associated with different sets of risk factors. Regional ASF risk in West Africa mainly followed the domestic cycle, whereas the sylvatic cycle may influence regional ASF risk in East Africa. With these findings, we contribute to the better understanding of the risk factors of ASF occurrence at regional scales that may aid the implementation of effective control measures.",

keywords = "Domestic cycle, Giant forest HOG, Habitat fragmentation, Ornithodoros moubata, Sylvatic cycle, Wild suid",

author = "Huang, {Zheng Y.X.} and {van Langevelde}, Frank and Honer, {Karanina J.} and Marc Naguib and {de Boer}, {Willem F.}",

year = "2017",

doi = "10.1186/s13071-016-1953-z",

language = "English",

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journal = "Parasites & Vectors",

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AU - Huang, Zheng Y.X.

AU - van Langevelde, Frank

AU - Honer, Karanina J.

AU - Naguib, Marc

AU - de Boer, Willem F.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - Background: African swine fever (ASF) causes severe socio-economic impacts due to high mortality and trade restrictions. Many risk factors of ASF have been identified at farm level. However, understanding the risk factors, especially wild suid hosts, determining ASF transmission at regional level remains limited. Methods: Based on ASF outbreak data in domestic pigs during 2006-2014, we here tested, separately for West and East Africa, which risk factors were linked to ASF presence at a regional level, using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Our results show that ASF infections in the preceding year was an important predictor for ASF presence in both West and East Africa. Both pig density and human density were positively associated with ASF presence in West Africa. In East Africa, ASF outbreaks in domestic pigs were also correlated with higher percentages of areas occupied by giant forest hogs and by high-tick-risk areas. Conclusions: Our results suggest that regional ASF risk in East Africa and in West Africa were associated with different sets of risk factors. Regional ASF risk in West Africa mainly followed the domestic cycle, whereas the sylvatic cycle may influence regional ASF risk in East Africa. With these findings, we contribute to the better understanding of the risk factors of ASF occurrence at regional scales that may aid the implementation of effective control measures.

AB - Background: African swine fever (ASF) causes severe socio-economic impacts due to high mortality and trade restrictions. Many risk factors of ASF have been identified at farm level. However, understanding the risk factors, especially wild suid hosts, determining ASF transmission at regional level remains limited. Methods: Based on ASF outbreak data in domestic pigs during 2006-2014, we here tested, separately for West and East Africa, which risk factors were linked to ASF presence at a regional level, using generalized linear mixed models. Results: Our results show that ASF infections in the preceding year was an important predictor for ASF presence in both West and East Africa. Both pig density and human density were positively associated with ASF presence in West Africa. In East Africa, ASF outbreaks in domestic pigs were also correlated with higher percentages of areas occupied by giant forest hogs and by high-tick-risk areas. Conclusions: Our results suggest that regional ASF risk in East Africa and in West Africa were associated with different sets of risk factors. Regional ASF risk in West Africa mainly followed the domestic cycle, whereas the sylvatic cycle may influence regional ASF risk in East Africa. With these findings, we contribute to the better understanding of the risk factors of ASF occurrence at regional scales that may aid the implementation of effective control measures.

KW - Domestic cycle

KW - Giant forest HOG

KW - Habitat fragmentation

KW - Ornithodoros moubata

KW - Sylvatic cycle

KW - Wild suid

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DO - 10.1186/s13071-016-1953-z

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85010016486

SN - 1756-3305

VL - 10

JO - Parasites & Vectors

JF - Parasites & Vectors

M1 - 16

ER -

Regional level risk factors associated with the occurrence of African swine fever in West and East Africa

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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