TY - JOUR
T1 - Periprandial changes of the autonomic nervous system related to perceived sateity in humans
AU - Harthoorn, L.F.
AU - Dransfield, E.
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Regulation of food intake involves a variety of homeostatic
and hedonic components controlled by a system of
hunger and satiety signals originating in both peripheral and
central pathways. In the present study, the relevance and
time course of physiological responses reflecting the status
of the autonomic nervous system, specifically the sympathetic—
parasympathetic balance, was evaluated in relation
to food intake and perceived satiety in humans. Eighteen
subjects were exposed individually to a lunch-induced
hunger–satiety shift, throughout which sensory ratings,
physiological, and biochemical characteristics were obtained
at 15 min intervals. Subjects rated, on visual analogues
scales (VAS), their feeling of satiety, desire to eat, fullness,
and hunger on separate questionnaires. Using non-invasive
monitoring, heart rate, heart rate variability and blood
pressure, as well as cortisol levels and a-amylase activity in
saliva were measured. Across subjects and throughout the
hunger-satiety shift, all four sensory ratings correlated with
heart rate and salivary a-amylase, and reflected high activity
of the sympathetic nervous system during the satiety state.
Among men cortisol levels were negatively correlated with
age and BMI. Finally, neither oral activities like chewing
and swallowing nor orosensory stimulation by food, as
tested with modified sham feeding, were found to contribute
to any extent to the instant heart rate increase after food
consumption. In conclusion, after meal ingestion, specific
patterns and critical alterations of physiological characteristics
reveal a high sympathetic tone that can be used as an
objective determinant of the state of satiety.
AB - Regulation of food intake involves a variety of homeostatic
and hedonic components controlled by a system of
hunger and satiety signals originating in both peripheral and
central pathways. In the present study, the relevance and
time course of physiological responses reflecting the status
of the autonomic nervous system, specifically the sympathetic—
parasympathetic balance, was evaluated in relation
to food intake and perceived satiety in humans. Eighteen
subjects were exposed individually to a lunch-induced
hunger–satiety shift, throughout which sensory ratings,
physiological, and biochemical characteristics were obtained
at 15 min intervals. Subjects rated, on visual analogues
scales (VAS), their feeling of satiety, desire to eat, fullness,
and hunger on separate questionnaires. Using non-invasive
monitoring, heart rate, heart rate variability and blood
pressure, as well as cortisol levels and a-amylase activity in
saliva were measured. Across subjects and throughout the
hunger-satiety shift, all four sensory ratings correlated with
heart rate and salivary a-amylase, and reflected high activity
of the sympathetic nervous system during the satiety state.
Among men cortisol levels were negatively correlated with
age and BMI. Finally, neither oral activities like chewing
and swallowing nor orosensory stimulation by food, as
tested with modified sham feeding, were found to contribute
to any extent to the instant heart rate increase after food
consumption. In conclusion, after meal ingestion, specific
patterns and critical alterations of physiological characteristics
reveal a high sympathetic tone that can be used as an
objective determinant of the state of satiety.
U2 - 10.1016/j.appet.2006.03.001
DO - 10.1016/j.appet.2006.03.001
M3 - Abstract
VL - 46
SP - 358
JO - Appetite
JF - Appetite
SN - 0195-6663
IS - 3
ER -