TY - JOUR
T1 - Operational design of off-river Pumped Hydro Energy Storage (PHES)
T2 - An alternative to conventional river-based PHES
AU - Diyono, Diyono
AU - Cappon, Hans
AU - Kujawa-Roeleveld, Katarzyna
AU - Keesman, Karel J.
PY - 2025/8
Y1 - 2025/8
N2 - Conventional river-based PHES is a mature energy storage technology but frequently faces environmental and social issues due to its location near rivers. This study presents an hourly operational analysis of off-river PHES as an alternative to conventional PHES to support renewable electricity generation. A case study using Java-Bali data from Indonesia was conducted. It shows that the upper reservoir of the PHES system (5.1 TWh) at an elevation of 200 m between the reservoirs minimally requires an area of 6.64 × 108 m2 and leads to a maximum water level rise in the upper reservoir of 14 m if all excess energy is stored. Optimization of hourly operation shows that typically, during a few hours in the afternoon, water needs to be pumped from the lower to the upper reservoir. Ultimately, this paper illustrates hourly operational design and optimization based on heads, weather, and energy demand-supply data for the PHES.
AB - Conventional river-based PHES is a mature energy storage technology but frequently faces environmental and social issues due to its location near rivers. This study presents an hourly operational analysis of off-river PHES as an alternative to conventional PHES to support renewable electricity generation. A case study using Java-Bali data from Indonesia was conducted. It shows that the upper reservoir of the PHES system (5.1 TWh) at an elevation of 200 m between the reservoirs minimally requires an area of 6.64 × 108 m2 and leads to a maximum water level rise in the upper reservoir of 14 m if all excess energy is stored. Optimization of hourly operation shows that typically, during a few hours in the afternoon, water needs to be pumped from the lower to the upper reservoir. Ultimately, this paper illustrates hourly operational design and optimization based on heads, weather, and energy demand-supply data for the PHES.
KW - Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
KW - Off-river PHES
KW - Pumped Hydro Energy Storage (PHES)
KW - Renewable Energy Sources (RES)
U2 - 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101754
DO - 10.1016/j.esd.2025.101754
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105005594448
SN - 0973-0826
VL - 87
JO - Energy for Sustainable Development
JF - Energy for Sustainable Development
M1 - 101754
ER -
