Abstract
Leaf mold of tomato is caused by the biotrophic fungus Cladosporium
fulvum which complies with the gene-for-gene system indicating
that each dominant pathogen avirulence (Avr) gene product is
recognized by the product of a corresponding dominant host
C. fulvum (Cf) resistance gene. As a result of selection pressure
imposed by Cf genes often, pathogenic races developed adapted to
the introduced Cf resistance genes. The fungus has been reported
to occur on tomato in Japan since the 1920s. Initially only race
0, unable to overcome any of the known Cf genes, was reported.
However, during the last two decades Cf resistance genes have been
introduced and new races evolved adapted to corresponding Cf
genes. Here we determined the virulence spectrum of 123 C. fulvum
strains collected from different parts of Japan and sequenced their
avirulence (Avr) genes to get detailed information on the molecular
basis of adaptation to the different Cf genes. Ten races of C. fulvum
were identified of which races 9, 2.9, 4.9 and 4.9.11 occur in
Japan only. The Avr genes of these races contain unique mutations
causing adaptation to Cf genes including (i) frameshift mutations
and (ii) transposon insertions in Avr2, (iii) point mutations in Avr4
and Avr4E, and (iv) deletion of Avr4E and Avr9. It is concluded
that molecular mechanisms of adaptation to different Cf genes in an
isolated C. fulvum population in Japan are unique but follow similar
patterns as those observed in other parts of the world.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Book of Abstracts XV International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Kyoto, Japan, 29 July – 2 August 2012 |
Pages | 133 |
Publication status | Published - 2012 |
Event | XV International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions - Duration: 29 Jul 2012 → 2 Aug 2012 |
Conference
Conference | XV International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
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Period | 29/07/12 → 2/08/12 |