TY - JOUR
T1 - n-3 Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Type 2 Diabetes
T2 - An Individual Participant-Level Pooling Project of 20 Prospective Cohort Studies
AU - Qian, Frank
AU - Ardisson Korat, Andres V.
AU - Imamura, Fumiaki
AU - Marklund, Matti
AU - Tintle, Nathan
AU - Virtanen, Jyrki K.
AU - Zhou, Xia
AU - Bassett, Julie K.
AU - Lai, Heidi
AU - Hirakawa, Yoichiro
AU - Chien, Kuo Liong
AU - Wood, Alexis C.
AU - Lankinen, Maria
AU - Murphy, Rachel A.
AU - Samieri, Cecilia
AU - Pertiwi, Kamalita
AU - de Mello, Vanessa D.
AU - Guan, Weihua
AU - Forouhi, Nita G.
AU - Wareham, Nick
AU - Hu, Inter Act Consortium Frank B.
AU - Riserus, Ulf
AU - Lind, Lars
AU - Harris, William S.
AU - Shadyab, Aladdin H.
AU - Robinson, Jennifer G.
AU - Steffen, Lyn M.
AU - Hodge, Allison
AU - Giles, Graham G.
AU - Ninomiya, Toshiharu
AU - Uusitupa, Matti
AU - Tuomilehto, Jaakko
AU - Lindström, Jaana
AU - Laakso, Markku
AU - Siscovick, David S.
AU - Helmer, Catherine
AU - Geleijnse, Johanna M.
AU - Wu, Jason H.Y.
AU - Fretts, Amanda
AU - Lemaitre, Rozenn N.
AU - Micha, Renata
AU - Mozaffarian, Dariush
AU - Sun, Qi
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Prospective associations between n-3 fatty acid biomarkers and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk are not consistent in individual studies. We aimed to summarize the prospective associations of biomarkers of α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with T2D risk through an individual participant-level pooled analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: For our analysis we incorporated data from a global consortium of 20 prospective studies from 14 countries. We included 65,147 participants who had blood measurements of ALA, EPA, DPA, or DHA and were free of diabetes at baseline. De novo harmonized analyses were performed in each cohort following a prespecified protocol, and cohort-specific associations were pooled using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 16,693 incident T2D cases were identified during follow-up (median follow-up ranging from 2.5 to 21.2 years). In pooled multivariable analysis, per interquintile range (difference between the 90th and 10th percentiles for each fatty acid), EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum were associated with lower T2D incidence, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of 0.92 (0.87, 0.96), 0.79 (0.73, 0.85), 0.82 (0.76, 0.89), and 0.81 (0.75, 0.88), respectively (all P < 0.001). ALA was not associated with T2D (HR 0.97 [95% CI 0.92, 1.02]) per interquintile range. Associations were robust across prespecified subgroups as well as in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Higher circulating biomarkers of seafood-derived n-3 fatty acids, including EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum, were associated with lower risk of T2D in a global consortium of prospective studies. The biomarker of plant-derived ALA was not significantly associated with T2D risk.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Prospective associations between n-3 fatty acid biomarkers and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk are not consistent in individual studies. We aimed to summarize the prospective associations of biomarkers of α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with T2D risk through an individual participant-level pooled analysis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: For our analysis we incorporated data from a global consortium of 20 prospective studies from 14 countries. We included 65,147 participants who had blood measurements of ALA, EPA, DPA, or DHA and were free of diabetes at baseline. De novo harmonized analyses were performed in each cohort following a prespecified protocol, and cohort-specific associations were pooled using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 16,693 incident T2D cases were identified during follow-up (median follow-up ranging from 2.5 to 21.2 years). In pooled multivariable analysis, per interquintile range (difference between the 90th and 10th percentiles for each fatty acid), EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum were associated with lower T2D incidence, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of 0.92 (0.87, 0.96), 0.79 (0.73, 0.85), 0.82 (0.76, 0.89), and 0.81 (0.75, 0.88), respectively (all P < 0.001). ALA was not associated with T2D (HR 0.97 [95% CI 0.92, 1.02]) per interquintile range. Associations were robust across prespecified subgroups as well as in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Higher circulating biomarkers of seafood-derived n-3 fatty acids, including EPA, DPA, DHA, and their sum, were associated with lower risk of T2D in a global consortium of prospective studies. The biomarker of plant-derived ALA was not significantly associated with T2D risk.
U2 - 10.2337/dc20-2426
DO - 10.2337/dc20-2426
M3 - Article
C2 - 33658295
AN - SCOPUS:85106540576
SN - 0149-5992
VL - 44
SP - 1133
EP - 1142
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
IS - 5
ER -