Abstract
We developed a simulation model for soft tissues that undergo large
deformations. The mass distribution of the tissue is represented by a series
of point masses that are interconnected by tensile elements. The tensile
elements not only can be given nonlinear properties, but also muscular
characteristics such as active force production, and length- and velocitydependence
of force. In addition, fluid-pressure gradients are taken into
account as driving forces on the point masses. From the initial geometry,
internal fiber arrangement and time-dependent activation of various muscle
groups, the model computes the deformation of the soft body in a forwarddynamics
manner. The model was used for the study of the design and
control of soft bodies and movement reconstructions of extinct soft-bodied
animals. Predicted protrusion and flicking motions of the tongue in snakes
resembled actual movements that were recorded with 3D high-speed video.
The model also predicted the cambering of the finfold of larval fish
observed in high-speed movies. Finally, the model was also used to
reconstruct the body mechanics of the fossil, Cambrian chordate, Haikouella.
Given Haikouella’s reconstructed muscle architecture and the large
ventrally positioned notochord, and making several assumptions about the
material properties of the various tissues, the model predicts that Haikouella
could effectively bend its body. Haikouella most likely used traveling
body waves to propel itself through the water.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Abstracts of the 7th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology |
Pages | 336 |
Volume | 260 |
Publication status | Published - 2004 |
Event | 7th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology - Duration: 27 Jul 2004 → 1 Aug 2004 |
Conference/symposium
Conference/symposium | 7th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology |
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Period | 27/07/04 → 1/08/04 |