TY - JOUR
T1 - Modelling FLOCponics systems
T2 - Towards improved water and nitrogen use efficiency in biofloc-based fish culture
AU - Pinho, Sara M.
AU - de Lima, Jéssica P.
AU - Tarigan, Nurhayati Br
AU - David, Luiz H.
AU - Portella, Maria Célia
AU - Keesman, Karel J.
PY - 2023/5
Y1 - 2023/5
N2 - FLOCponics is an integrated agri-aquaculture system, in which water and nutrients from a biofloc-based fish culture are reused to fertilise soilless plants. This paper is the first modelling study that focuses on decoupled FLOCponics with the aim of investigating and discussing whether the integration of biofloc-based culture with soilless plant production increases the efficiency of food production in terms of resource use and by how much. For this purpose, a biofloc-based monoculture system with a total volume of the fish tanks of 15.2 m3, and a FLOCponics system with similar biofloc system and a planting area of 33.6 m2 was modelled. The simulation models of these reference systems were run for a period of five years, and water, nitrogen and total suspended solid balances in both systems were compared. In addition to this, various planting areas of the FLOCponics system were changed step-wise until the most suitable size was found. The results indicate that FLOCponics is 10% and 27% more efficient in using water and nitrogen, respectively, than the stand-alone biofloc system. Also, the integrated system results in a reduction of 10% in the amount of solids discharged. Optimisation of the planting area with respect to key model outputs led to an improved FLOCponics system, where the planting area of the system is expanded by a factor of 3.2. The findings presented in this study support the hypothesis that integrating a biofloc system with hydroponics makes biofloc-based fish culture more efficient in terms of resource use and wastes avoidance.
AB - FLOCponics is an integrated agri-aquaculture system, in which water and nutrients from a biofloc-based fish culture are reused to fertilise soilless plants. This paper is the first modelling study that focuses on decoupled FLOCponics with the aim of investigating and discussing whether the integration of biofloc-based culture with soilless plant production increases the efficiency of food production in terms of resource use and by how much. For this purpose, a biofloc-based monoculture system with a total volume of the fish tanks of 15.2 m3, and a FLOCponics system with similar biofloc system and a planting area of 33.6 m2 was modelled. The simulation models of these reference systems were run for a period of five years, and water, nitrogen and total suspended solid balances in both systems were compared. In addition to this, various planting areas of the FLOCponics system were changed step-wise until the most suitable size was found. The results indicate that FLOCponics is 10% and 27% more efficient in using water and nitrogen, respectively, than the stand-alone biofloc system. Also, the integrated system results in a reduction of 10% in the amount of solids discharged. Optimisation of the planting area with respect to key model outputs led to an improved FLOCponics system, where the planting area of the system is expanded by a factor of 3.2. The findings presented in this study support the hypothesis that integrating a biofloc system with hydroponics makes biofloc-based fish culture more efficient in terms of resource use and wastes avoidance.
KW - Aquaponics
KW - Biofloc system
KW - FLOCponics
KW - Nutrient use efficiency
KW - Water use efficiency
U2 - 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2023.03.022
DO - 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2023.03.022
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85152126142
SN - 1537-5110
VL - 229
SP - 96
EP - 115
JO - Biosystems Engineering
JF - Biosystems Engineering
ER -
