TY - JOUR
T1 - Mathematically formulated key performance indicators for design and evaluation of treatment trains for resource recovery from urban wastewater
AU - van Schaik, Maria O.
AU - Sucu, Seda
AU - Cappon, Hans J.
AU - Chen, Wei Shan
AU - Martinson, D.B.
AU - Ouelhadj, Djamila
AU - Rijnaarts, Huub H.M.
PY - 2021/3/15
Y1 - 2021/3/15
N2 - While urban wastewater infrastructure is aging and no longer adequate, climate change and sustainability are urging the transition from pollution management to resource recovery. Lacking evidence-based quantitative evaluation of the potential benefits and consequences of resource recovery from wastewater hinders the negotiation amongst stakeholders and slows down the transition. This study proposes mathematical formulations for technical, environmental, economic, and social key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be used to quantify the benefits and the risks of resource recovery. The proposed formulations are derived from the literature and validated with stakeholders. Each KPI is mathematically formulated at treatment train level by considering: (1) the characteristics of individual unit processes (UPs) in the treatment train (TT), (2) the context in which the TT is installed, and (3) the resources to be recovered. The mathematical formulations of the KPIs proposed in this study enable a transparent, consistent and informative evaluation of existing treatment trains, as well as support the (computer aided) design of new ones. This could aid the transition from urban wastewater treatment to resource recovery from urban wastewater.
AB - While urban wastewater infrastructure is aging and no longer adequate, climate change and sustainability are urging the transition from pollution management to resource recovery. Lacking evidence-based quantitative evaluation of the potential benefits and consequences of resource recovery from wastewater hinders the negotiation amongst stakeholders and slows down the transition. This study proposes mathematical formulations for technical, environmental, economic, and social key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be used to quantify the benefits and the risks of resource recovery. The proposed formulations are derived from the literature and validated with stakeholders. Each KPI is mathematically formulated at treatment train level by considering: (1) the characteristics of individual unit processes (UPs) in the treatment train (TT), (2) the context in which the TT is installed, and (3) the resources to be recovered. The mathematical formulations of the KPIs proposed in this study enable a transparent, consistent and informative evaluation of existing treatment trains, as well as support the (computer aided) design of new ones. This could aid the transition from urban wastewater treatment to resource recovery from urban wastewater.
KW - Performance indicators treatment train evaluation
KW - Resource recovery
KW - Unit process evaluation
KW - Urban wastewater key
U2 - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111916
DO - 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111916
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85099398431
SN - 0301-4797
VL - 282
JO - Journal of Environmental Management
JF - Journal of Environmental Management
M1 - 111916
ER -
