TY - JOUR
T1 - Maternal Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load in Pregnancy and Offspring Cord Blood DNA Methylation
AU - Küpers, Leanne K.
AU - Fernández-Barrés, Sílvia
AU - Mancano, Giulia
AU - Johnson, Laura
AU - Ott, Raffael
AU - Vioque, Jesus
AU - Colombo, Marco
AU - Landgraf, Kathrin
AU - Tobi, Elmar W.
AU - Körner, Antje
AU - Gaillard, Romy
AU - de Vries, Jeanne H.M.
AU - Jaddoe, Vincent W.V.
AU - Vrijheid, Martine
AU - Sharp, Gemma C.
AU - Felix, Janine F.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - OBJECTIVE: Suboptimal nutrition in pregnancy is associated with worse offspring cardiometabolic health. DNA methylation may be an underlying mechanism. We meta-analyzed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of maternal dietary glycemic index and load with cord blood DNA methylation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We calculated maternal glycemic index and load from food frequency questionnaires and ran EWAS on cord blood DNA methylation in 2,003 mother-offspring pairs from three cohorts. Analyses were additionally stratified by maternal BMI categories. We looked-up the findings in EWAS of maternal glycemic traits and BMI as well as in EWAS of birth weight and child BMI. We examined associations with gene expression in child blood in the online Human Early Life Exposome eQTM catalog and in 223 adipose tissue samples. RESULTS: Maternal glycemic index and load were associated with cord blood DNA methylation at 41 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs, P < 1.17 × 10-7), mostly in mothers with overweight/obesity. We did not observe overlap with CpGs associated with maternal glycemic traits, BMI, or child birth weight or BMI. Only DNA methylation at cg24458009 and cg23347399 was associated with expression of PCED1B and PCDHG, respectively, in child blood, and DNA methylation at cg27193519 was associated with expression of TFAP4, ZNF500, PPL, and ANKS3 in child subcutaneous adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS: We observed multiple associations of maternal glycemic index and load during pregnancy with cord blood DNA methylation, mostly in mothers with overweight/obesity; some of these CpGs were associated with gene expression. Additional studies are required to further explore functionality, uncover causality, and study pathways to offspring health.
AB - OBJECTIVE: Suboptimal nutrition in pregnancy is associated with worse offspring cardiometabolic health. DNA methylation may be an underlying mechanism. We meta-analyzed epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of maternal dietary glycemic index and load with cord blood DNA methylation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We calculated maternal glycemic index and load from food frequency questionnaires and ran EWAS on cord blood DNA methylation in 2,003 mother-offspring pairs from three cohorts. Analyses were additionally stratified by maternal BMI categories. We looked-up the findings in EWAS of maternal glycemic traits and BMI as well as in EWAS of birth weight and child BMI. We examined associations with gene expression in child blood in the online Human Early Life Exposome eQTM catalog and in 223 adipose tissue samples. RESULTS: Maternal glycemic index and load were associated with cord blood DNA methylation at 41 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs, P < 1.17 × 10-7), mostly in mothers with overweight/obesity. We did not observe overlap with CpGs associated with maternal glycemic traits, BMI, or child birth weight or BMI. Only DNA methylation at cg24458009 and cg23347399 was associated with expression of PCED1B and PCDHG, respectively, in child blood, and DNA methylation at cg27193519 was associated with expression of TFAP4, ZNF500, PPL, and ANKS3 in child subcutaneous adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS: We observed multiple associations of maternal glycemic index and load during pregnancy with cord blood DNA methylation, mostly in mothers with overweight/obesity; some of these CpGs were associated with gene expression. Additional studies are required to further explore functionality, uncover causality, and study pathways to offspring health.
UR - https://doi.org/10.2337/figshare.19898830
U2 - 10.2337/dc21-2662
DO - 10.2337/dc21-2662
M3 - Article
C2 - 35708509
AN - SCOPUS:85135376267
SN - 0149-5992
VL - 45
SP - 1822
EP - 1832
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
IS - 8
ER -
