Local dornase alfa treatment reduces NETs-induced airway obstruction during severe RSV infection

Bart Cortjens; Rineke de Jong; Judith G. Bonsing; Job B.M. Van Woensel; Adriaan F.G. Antonis; Reinout A. Bem

doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210289

Local dornase alfa treatment reduces NETs-induced airway obstruction during severe RSV infection

Bart Cortjens^*, Rineke de Jong, Judith G. Bonsing, Job B.M. Van Woensel, Adriaan F.G. Antonis, Reinout A. Bem

^*Corresponding author for this work

Virology & Molecular Biology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

28 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is characterised by airway obstruction with mucus plugs, containing DNA networks in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We investigated the effect of dornase alfa on histopathological NETs-induced airway obstruction and viral load in an age-relevant calf model of severe bovine RSV disease. As compared with the control animals, dornase alfa treatment resulted in a strong reduction of NETs-induced airway obstruction. Viral load in the lower respiratory tract was not different between the two groups. We conclude that NETs form a relevant target for treatment of airway obstruction in severe RSV disease.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	578-580
Journal	Thorax
Volume	73
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210289
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2018

Keywords

infection control
innate immunity
neutrophil biology
paediatric lung disaese
respiratory infection
viral infection

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title = "Local dornase alfa treatment reduces NETs-induced airway obstruction during severe RSV infection",

abstract = "Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is characterised by airway obstruction with mucus plugs, containing DNA networks in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We investigated the effect of dornase alfa on histopathological NETs-induced airway obstruction and viral load in an age-relevant calf model of severe bovine RSV disease. As compared with the control animals, dornase alfa treatment resulted in a strong reduction of NETs-induced airway obstruction. Viral load in the lower respiratory tract was not different between the two groups. We conclude that NETs form a relevant target for treatment of airway obstruction in severe RSV disease.",

keywords = "infection control, innate immunity, neutrophil biology, paediatric lung disaese, respiratory infection, viral infection",

author = "Bart Cortjens and {de Jong}, Rineke and Bonsing, {Judith G.} and {Van Woensel}, {Job B.M.} and Antonis, {Adriaan F.G.} and Bem, {Reinout A.}",

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T1 - Local dornase alfa treatment reduces NETs-induced airway obstruction during severe RSV infection

AU - Cortjens, Bart

AU - de Jong, Rineke

AU - Bonsing, Judith G.

AU - Van Woensel, Job B.M.

AU - Antonis, Adriaan F.G.

AU - Bem, Reinout A.

PY - 2018/6/1

Y1 - 2018/6/1

N2 - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is characterised by airway obstruction with mucus plugs, containing DNA networks in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We investigated the effect of dornase alfa on histopathological NETs-induced airway obstruction and viral load in an age-relevant calf model of severe bovine RSV disease. As compared with the control animals, dornase alfa treatment resulted in a strong reduction of NETs-induced airway obstruction. Viral load in the lower respiratory tract was not different between the two groups. We conclude that NETs form a relevant target for treatment of airway obstruction in severe RSV disease.

AB - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is characterised by airway obstruction with mucus plugs, containing DNA networks in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We investigated the effect of dornase alfa on histopathological NETs-induced airway obstruction and viral load in an age-relevant calf model of severe bovine RSV disease. As compared with the control animals, dornase alfa treatment resulted in a strong reduction of NETs-induced airway obstruction. Viral load in the lower respiratory tract was not different between the two groups. We conclude that NETs form a relevant target for treatment of airway obstruction in severe RSV disease.

KW - infection control

KW - innate immunity

KW - neutrophil biology

KW - paediatric lung disaese

KW - respiratory infection

KW - viral infection

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DO - 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210289

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85050984515

SN - 0040-6376

VL - 73

SP - 578

EP - 580

JO - Thorax

JF - Thorax

IS - 6

ER -

Local dornase alfa treatment reduces NETs-induced airway obstruction during severe RSV infection

Abstract

Keywords

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