Integrated nematode management of Ditylenchus dipsaci in onion: a nematode in a world all on its own

Stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, is one of the few plant parasitic nematode species infesting above-ground plant parts. It can be transmitted through infested planting material and seed, survive longer periods in the soil, has a broad host range and a relatively short life cycle and high multiplication rate. Further, it is able to cause substantial post-harvest losses in stored onions, making it a difficult nematode to manage. This chapter discusses the economic importance, geographical distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of D. dipsaci. Future research requirements and future developments are also mentioned.