Inconsistent effects of agricultural practices on soil fungal communities across twelve European long‐term experiments

S.E. Hannula*, D.P. Di Lonardo, B.T. Christensen, Felicity V. Crotty, A. Elsen, P.J. van Erp, E.M. Hansen, H. Rubaek, M. Tits, Z. Toth, Aad J. Termorshuizen

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract



Cropping practices have a great potential to improve soil quality through changes in soil biota. Yet the effects of these soil improving cropping systems on soil fungal communities are not well known. Here, we analysed soil fungal communities using standardized measurements in 12 long‐term experiments and 20 agricultural treatments across Europe. We were interested in whether the same practices (i.e. tillage, fertilization, organic amendments and cover crops) applied across different sites have predictable and repeatable effects on soil fungal communities and guilds. The fungal communities were very variable across sites located in different soil types and climatic regions. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were the fungal guild with most unique species in individual sites while plant pathogenic fungi were most shared between the sites. The fungal communities responded to the cropping practices differently in different sites and only fertilization showed a consistent effect on AMF and plant pathogenic fungi while the response to tillage, cover crops and organic amendments were site, soil and crop species specific. We further show that the crop yield is negatively affected by cropping practices aimed at improving soil health. Yet, we show that these practices have the potential to change the fungal communities and that change in plant pathogenic fungi and in AMF is linked to the yield. We further link the soil fungal community and guilds to soil abiotic characteristics and reveal that especially Mn, K, Mg and pH affect the composition of fungi across sites. In summary, we show that fungal communities vary considerably between sites and that there are no clear directional responses in fungi or fungal guilds across sites to soil improving cropping systems but that the responses vary based on soil abiotic conditions, crop type, and climatic conditions.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1902-1923
JournalEuropean Journal of Soil Science
Volume72
Issue number4
Early online date22 Jan 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2021

Keywords

  • long-term experiments
  • organic amendments
  • soil fungi
  • soil-improving cropping systems
  • tillage

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