Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices

Luís Cruz; João Paulo Fernandes; Maja H. Kirkeby; Silverio Martínez-Fernández; June Sallou; Hina Anwar; Enrique Barba Roque; Justus Bogner; Joel Castaño; Fernando Castor; Aadil Chasmawala; Simão Cunha; Daniel Feitosa; Alexandra González; Andreas Jedlitschka; Patricia Lago; Henry Muccini; Ana Oprescu; Pooja Rani; João Saraiva; Federica Sarro; Raghavendra Selvan; Karthik Vaidhyanathan; Roberto Verdecchia; Ivan P. Yamshchikov

doi:10.1145/3743095.374099

Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices

Luís Cruz, João Paulo Fernandes, Maja H. Kirkeby, Silverio Martínez-Fernández, June Sallou, Hina Anwar, Enrique Barba Roque, Justus Bogner, Joel Castaño, Fernando Castor, Aadil Chasmawala, Simão Cunha, Daniel Feitosa, Alexandra González, Andreas Jedlitschka, Patricia Lago, Henry Muccini, Ana Oprescu, Pooja Rani, João SaraivaFederica Sarro, Raghavendra Selvan, Karthik Vaidhyanathan, Roberto Verdecchia, Ivan P. Yamshchikov

Information Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic

Abstract

The environmental impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled systems is increasing rapidly, and software engineering plays a critical role in developing sustainable solutions. The ''Greening AI with Software Engineering'' workshop,1 funded by the Centre Europ´een de Calcul Atomique et Mol´eculaire (CECAM) and the Lorentz Center, provided an interdisciplinary forum for 29 participants, from practitioners to academics, to share knowledge, ideas, practices, and current results dedicated to advancing green software and AI research. The workshop was held February 3-7, 2025, in Lausanne, Switzerland. Through keynotes, flash talks, and collaborative discussions, participants identified and prioritized key challenges for the field. These included energy assessment and standardization, benchmarking practices, sustainability-aware architectures, runtime adaptation, empirical methodologies, and education. This report presents a research agenda emerging from the workshop, outlining open research directions and practical recommendations to guide the development of environmentally sustainable AI-enabled systems rooted in software engineering principles.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	14-23
Number of pages	10
Journal	ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Volume	50
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1145/3743095.374099
Publication status	Published - 19 Jul 2025

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10.1145/3743095.374099

Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices
Cruz, L., Fernandes, J. P., Kirkeby, M. H., Martínez-Fernández, S., Sallou, J., Anwar, H., Roque, E. B., Bogner, J., Castano, J. M. H., Castor, F., Chasmawala, A., Cunha, S., Feitosa, D., Gonzalez, A., Jedlitschka, A., Lago, P., Muccini, H., Oprescu, A., Rani, P. & Saraiva, J. & 5 others, Sarro, F., Selvan, R., Vaidhyanathan, K., Verdecchia, R. & Yamshchikov, I. P., 3 Jun 2025, arXiv, 10 p.
Research output: Working paper › Preprint

Open Access

CECAM-Lorentz Workshop: "Greening AI with Software Engineering"
Sallou, J. (Organiser), Cruz, L. (Organiser), Fernandes, J. P. (Organiser), Kirkeby, M. H. (Organiser) & Martínez-Fernández, S. (Organiser)
3 Feb 2025 → 7 Feb 2025
Activity: Participating in or organising an event › Participation in or organising a workshop, seminar, course › Academic

Cite this

Cruz, L., Fernandes, J. P., Kirkeby, M. H., Martínez-Fernández, S., Sallou, J., Anwar, H., Barba Roque, E., Bogner, J., Castaño, J., Castor, F., Chasmawala, A., Cunha, S., Feitosa, D., González, A., Jedlitschka, A., Lago, P., Muccini, H., Oprescu, A., Rani, P., ... Yamshchikov, I. P. (2025). Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, 50(3), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1145/3743095.374099

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abstract = "The environmental impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled systems is increasing rapidly, and software engineering plays a critical role in developing sustainable solutions. The ''Greening AI with Software Engineering'' workshop,1 funded by the Centre Europ´een de Calcul Atomique et Mol´eculaire (CECAM) and the Lorentz Center, provided an interdisciplinary forum for 29 participants, from practitioners to academics, to share knowledge, ideas, practices, and current results dedicated to advancing green software and AI research. The workshop was held February 3-7, 2025, in Lausanne, Switzerland. Through keynotes, flash talks, and collaborative discussions, participants identified and prioritized key challenges for the field. These included energy assessment and standardization, benchmarking practices, sustainability-aware architectures, runtime adaptation, empirical methodologies, and education. This report presents a research agenda emerging from the workshop, outlining open research directions and practical recommendations to guide the development of environmentally sustainable AI-enabled systems rooted in software engineering principles.",

author = "Lu{\'i}s Cruz and Fernandes, \{Jo{\~a}o Paulo\} and Kirkeby, \{Maja H.\} and Silverio Mart{\'i}nez-Fern{\'a}ndez and June Sallou and Hina Anwar and \{Barba Roque\}, Enrique and Justus Bogner and Joel Casta{\~n}o and Fernando Castor and Aadil Chasmawala and Sim{\~a}o Cunha and Daniel Feitosa and Alexandra Gonz{\'a}lez and Andreas Jedlitschka and Patricia Lago and Henry Muccini and Ana Oprescu and Pooja Rani and Jo{\~a}o Saraiva and Federica Sarro and Raghavendra Selvan and Karthik Vaidhyanathan and Roberto Verdecchia and Yamshchikov, \{Ivan P.\}",

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Cruz, L, Fernandes, JP, Kirkeby, MH, Martínez-Fernández, S, Sallou, J, Anwar, H, Barba Roque, E, Bogner, J, Castaño, J, Castor, F, Chasmawala, A, Cunha, S, Feitosa, D, González, A, Jedlitschka, A, Lago, P, Muccini, H, Oprescu, A, Rani, P, Saraiva, J, Sarro, F, Selvan, R, Vaidhyanathan, K, Verdecchia, R & Yamshchikov, IP 2025, 'Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices', ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1145/3743095.374099

TY - JOUR

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AU - Cruz, Luís

AU - Fernandes, João Paulo

AU - Kirkeby, Maja H.

AU - Martínez-Fernández, Silverio

AU - Sallou, June

AU - Anwar, Hina

AU - Barba Roque, Enrique

AU - Bogner, Justus

AU - Castaño, Joel

AU - Castor, Fernando

AU - Chasmawala, Aadil

AU - Cunha, Simão

AU - Feitosa, Daniel

AU - González, Alexandra

AU - Jedlitschka, Andreas

AU - Lago, Patricia

AU - Muccini, Henry

AU - Oprescu, Ana

AU - Rani, Pooja

AU - Saraiva, João

AU - Sarro, Federica

AU - Selvan, Raghavendra

AU - Vaidhyanathan, Karthik

AU - Verdecchia, Roberto

AU - Yamshchikov, Ivan P.

PY - 2025/7/19

Y1 - 2025/7/19

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AB - The environmental impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled systems is increasing rapidly, and software engineering plays a critical role in developing sustainable solutions. The ''Greening AI with Software Engineering'' workshop,1 funded by the Centre Europ´een de Calcul Atomique et Mol´eculaire (CECAM) and the Lorentz Center, provided an interdisciplinary forum for 29 participants, from practitioners to academics, to share knowledge, ideas, practices, and current results dedicated to advancing green software and AI research. The workshop was held February 3-7, 2025, in Lausanne, Switzerland. Through keynotes, flash talks, and collaborative discussions, participants identified and prioritized key challenges for the field. These included energy assessment and standardization, benchmarking practices, sustainability-aware architectures, runtime adaptation, empirical methodologies, and education. This report presents a research agenda emerging from the workshop, outlining open research directions and practical recommendations to guide the development of environmentally sustainable AI-enabled systems rooted in software engineering principles.

U2 - 10.1145/3743095.374099

DO - 10.1145/3743095.374099

M3 - Article

SN - 0163-5948

VL - 50

SP - 14

EP - 23

JO - ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes

JF - ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes

IS - 3

ER -

Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices

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Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices

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CECAM-Lorentz Workshop: "Greening AI with Software Engineering"

Cite this