Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism

P.D. Spanu; J.C. Abbott; J. Amselem; T.A. Burgis; D.M. Soanes; K. Stüber; E. Ver Loren van Themaat; J.K.M. Brown; S.A. Butcher; S.J. Gurr; M.H. Lebrun; C.J. Ridout; P. Schulze-Lefert; N.J. Talbot; N. Ahmadinejad; C. Ametz; G.R. Barton; M. Benjdia; P. Bidzinski; L.V. Bindschedler; M. Both; M.T. Brewer; L. Cadle-Davidson; M.M. Cadle-Davidson; J. Collemare; R. Cramer; O. Frenkel; D. Godfrey; J. Harriman; C. Hoede; B.C. King; S. Klages; J. Kleemann; D. Knoll; P.S. Koti; J. Kreplak; F.J. López-Ruiz; X. Lu; T. Maekawa; S. Mahanil; C. Micali; M.G. Milgroom; G. Montana; S. Noir; R.J. O'Connell; S. Oberhaensli; F. Parlange; C. Pedersen; H. Quesneville; R. Reinhardt; M. Rott; S. Sacristán; S.M. Schmidt; M. Schön; P. Skamnioti; H. Sommer; A. Stephens; H. Takahara; H. Thordal-Christensen; M. Vigouroux; R. Weßling; T. Wicker; R. Panstruga

doi:10.1126/science.1194573

Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism

P.D. Spanu, J.C. Abbott, J. Amselem, T.A. Burgis, D.M. Soanes, K. Stüber, E. Ver Loren van Themaat, J.K.M. Brown, S.A. Butcher, S.J. Gurr, M.H. Lebrun, C.J. Ridout, P. Schulze-Lefert, N.J. Talbot, N. Ahmadinejad, C. Ametz, G.R. Barton, M. Benjdia, P. Bidzinski, L.V. BindschedlerM. Both, M.T. Brewer, L. Cadle-Davidson, M.M. Cadle-Davidson, J. Collemare, R. Cramer, O. Frenkel, D. Godfrey, J. Harriman, C. Hoede, B.C. King, S. Klages, J. Kleemann, D. Knoll, P.S. Koti, J. Kreplak, F.J. López-Ruiz, X. Lu, T. Maekawa, S. Mahanil, C. Micali, M.G. Milgroom, G. Montana, S. Noir, R.J. O'Connell, S. Oberhaensli, F. Parlange, C. Pedersen, H. Quesneville, R. Reinhardt, M. Rott, S. Sacristán, S.M. Schmidt, M. Schön, P. Skamnioti, H. Sommer, A. Stephens, H. Takahara, H. Thordal-Christensen, M. Vigouroux, R. Weßling, T. Wicker, R. Panstruga

Laboratory of Phytopathology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

636 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well as a comparison with the analysis of two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively biotrophic life-style. Among the 248 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the Blumeria genome, very few (less than 10) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting that most effectors represent species-specific adaptations.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1543-1546
Journal	Science
Volume	330
Issue number	6010
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1194573
Publication status	Published - 2010

Keywords

plant-pathogens
virulence
proteins

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10.1126/science.1194573

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Spanu, P. D., Abbott, J. C., Amselem, J., Burgis, T. A., Soanes, D. M., Stüber, K., Ver Loren van Themaat, E., Brown, J. K. M., Butcher, S. A., Gurr, S. J., Lebrun, M. H., Ridout, C. J., Schulze-Lefert, P., Talbot, N. J., Ahmadinejad, N., Ametz, C., Barton, G. R., Benjdia, M., Bidzinski, P., ... Panstruga, R. (2010). Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism. Science, 330(6010), 1543-1546. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1194573

@article{c275fd1b5bed4bd9820f2999bbb63dfc,

title = "Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism",

abstract = "Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well as a comparison with the analysis of two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively biotrophic life-style. Among the 248 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the Blumeria genome, very few (less than 10) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting that most effectors represent species-specific adaptations.",

keywords = "plant-pathogens, virulence, proteins",

author = "P.D. Spanu and J.C. Abbott and J. Amselem and T.A. Burgis and D.M. Soanes and K. St{\"u}ber and {Ver Loren van Themaat}, E. and J.K.M. Brown and S.A. Butcher and S.J. Gurr and M.H. Lebrun and C.J. Ridout and P. Schulze-Lefert and N.J. Talbot and N. Ahmadinejad and C. Ametz and G.R. Barton and M. Benjdia and P. Bidzinski and L.V. Bindschedler and M. Both and M.T. Brewer and L. Cadle-Davidson and M.M. Cadle-Davidson and J. Collemare and R. Cramer and O. Frenkel and D. Godfrey and J. Harriman and C. Hoede and B.C. King and S. Klages and J. Kleemann and D. Knoll and P.S. Koti and J. Kreplak and F.J. L{\'o}pez-Ruiz and X. Lu and T. Maekawa and S. Mahanil and C. Micali and M.G. Milgroom and G. Montana and S. Noir and R.J. O'Connell and S. Oberhaensli and F. Parlange and C. Pedersen and H. Quesneville and R. Reinhardt and M. Rott and S. Sacrist{\'a}n and S.M. Schmidt and M. Sch{\"o}n and P. Skamnioti and H. Sommer and A. Stephens and H. Takahara and H. Thordal-Christensen and M. Vigouroux and R. We{\ss}ling and T. Wicker and R. Panstruga",

year = "2010",

doi = "10.1126/science.1194573",

language = "English",

volume = "330",

pages = "1543--1546",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6010",

}

Spanu, PD, Abbott, JC, Amselem, J, Burgis, TA, Soanes, DM, Stüber, K, Ver Loren van Themaat, E, Brown, JKM, Butcher, SA, Gurr, SJ, Lebrun, MH, Ridout, CJ, Schulze-Lefert, P, Talbot, NJ, Ahmadinejad, N, Ametz, C, Barton, GR, Benjdia, M, Bidzinski, P, Bindschedler, LV, Both, M, Brewer, MT, Cadle-Davidson, L, Cadle-Davidson, MM, Collemare, J, Cramer, R, Frenkel, O, Godfrey, D, Harriman, J, Hoede, C, King, BC, Klages, S, Kleemann, J, Knoll, D, Koti, PS, Kreplak, J, López-Ruiz, FJ, Lu, X, Maekawa, T, Mahanil, S, Micali, C, Milgroom, MG, Montana, G, Noir, S, O'Connell, RJ, Oberhaensli, S, Parlange, F, Pedersen, C, Quesneville, H, Reinhardt, R, Rott, M, Sacristán, S, Schmidt, SM, Schön, M, Skamnioti, P, Sommer, H, Stephens, A, Takahara, H, Thordal-Christensen, H, Vigouroux, M, Weßling, R, Wicker, T & Panstruga, R 2010, 'Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism', Science, vol. 330, no. 6010, pp. 1543-1546. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1194573

TY - JOUR

T1 - Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism

AU - Spanu, P.D.

AU - Abbott, J.C.

AU - Amselem, J.

AU - Burgis, T.A.

AU - Soanes, D.M.

AU - Stüber, K.

AU - Ver Loren van Themaat, E.

AU - Brown, J.K.M.

AU - Butcher, S.A.

AU - Gurr, S.J.

AU - Lebrun, M.H.

AU - Ridout, C.J.

AU - Schulze-Lefert, P.

AU - Talbot, N.J.

AU - Ahmadinejad, N.

AU - Ametz, C.

AU - Barton, G.R.

AU - Benjdia, M.

AU - Bidzinski, P.

AU - Bindschedler, L.V.

AU - Both, M.

AU - Brewer, M.T.

AU - Cadle-Davidson, L.

AU - Cadle-Davidson, M.M.

AU - Collemare, J.

AU - Cramer, R.

AU - Frenkel, O.

AU - Godfrey, D.

AU - Harriman, J.

AU - Hoede, C.

AU - King, B.C.

AU - Klages, S.

AU - Kleemann, J.

AU - Knoll, D.

AU - Koti, P.S.

AU - Kreplak, J.

AU - López-Ruiz, F.J.

AU - Lu, X.

AU - Maekawa, T.

AU - Mahanil, S.

AU - Micali, C.

AU - Milgroom, M.G.

AU - Montana, G.

AU - Noir, S.

AU - O'Connell, R.J.

AU - Oberhaensli, S.

AU - Parlange, F.

AU - Pedersen, C.

AU - Quesneville, H.

AU - Reinhardt, R.

AU - Rott, M.

AU - Sacristán, S.

AU - Schmidt, S.M.

AU - Schön, M.

AU - Skamnioti, P.

AU - Sommer, H.

AU - Stephens, A.

AU - Takahara, H.

AU - Thordal-Christensen, H.

AU - Vigouroux, M.

AU - Weßling, R.

AU - Wicker, T.

AU - Panstruga, R.

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well as a comparison with the analysis of two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively biotrophic life-style. Among the 248 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the Blumeria genome, very few (less than 10) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting that most effectors represent species-specific adaptations.

AB - Powdery mildews are phytopathogens whose growth and reproduction are entirely dependent on living plant cells. The molecular basis of this life-style, obligate biotrophy, remains unknown. We present the genome analysis of barley powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Blumeria), as well as a comparison with the analysis of two powdery mildews pathogenic on dicotyledonous plants. These genomes display massive retrotransposon proliferation, genome-size expansion, and gene losses. The missing genes encode enzymes of primary and secondary metabolism, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and transporters, probably reflecting their redundancy in an exclusively biotrophic life-style. Among the 248 candidate effectors of pathogenesis identified in the Blumeria genome, very few (less than 10) define a core set conserved in all three mildews, suggesting that most effectors represent species-specific adaptations.

KW - plant-pathogens

KW - virulence

KW - proteins

U2 - 10.1126/science.1194573

DO - 10.1126/science.1194573

M3 - Article

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 330

SP - 1543

EP - 1546

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6010

ER -

Genome expansion and gene loss in powdery mildew fungi reveal tradeoffs in extreme parasitism

Abstract

Keywords

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