Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that sorption of organic chemicals to soils and sediments can be described by "dual-mode sorption": absorption in amorphous organic matter (AOM) and adsorption to carbonaceous materials such as black carbon (BC), coal, and kerogen, collectively termed "carbonaceous geosorbents" (CG). Median BC contents as a fraction of total organic carbon are 9% for sediments (number of sediments, n 300) and 4% for soils (n = 90). Adsorption of organic compounds to CG is nonlinear and generally exceeds absorption in AOM by a factor of 10-100. Sorption to CG is particularly extensive for organic compounds that can attain a more planar molecular configuration. The CG adsorption domain probably consists of surface sites and nanopores. In this review it is shown that nonlinear sorption to CG can completely dominate total sorption at low aqueous concentrations (
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 6881-6895 |
Journal | Environmental Science and Technology |
Volume | 39 |
Issue number | 18 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2005 |
Keywords
- polycyclic aromatic-hydrocarbons
- supercritical-fluid extraction
- contaminated harbor sediments
- soot-like materials
- crop residue burns
- dibenzo-p-dioxins
- gas plant soils
- reactivity model
- phenanthrene sorption
- polychlorinated-biphenyls