Extending existing models to capture vegetation response to extreme weather events: The MODEXTREME project

Extreme weather events are combinations of meteorological drivers that exceed certain thresholds and occur with low frequency, negatively impacting human living conditions and economic systems including agriculture. The three-year European project MODEXTREME (started on November 1^st, 2013) aims at improving the predictive capability of biophysical crop and grassland simulation models under extreme weather conditions (mainly high/low temperatures and water deficit/excess). Existing modelling solutions can be improved with re-usable software libraries to capture extreme weather impacts. Estimates from existing and new modelling solutions will be compared on a variety of datasets and evaluated with respect to medium-term trajectories of future climate (mid-21^st century). This will be achieved via the multi-model platform for plant growth and development simulation BioMA (Biophysical Model Application) and will support short- and medium-term forecasts in Europe via the Monitoring Agricultural ResourceS (MARS) workflow of European Commission Joint Research Centre. Project results will also extend the toolbox for food security monitoring and early warning systems outside Europe (Argentina, Brazil, China, South Africa, and United States). This paper explores both conceptual and software challenges of the project.