Engaging informal midstream actors in enhancing food system outcomes: A review of academic case studies

In this report we answer the question: ‘What can we learn from existing case studies with actors and businesses engaged in informal midstream food sectors, for contributing to positive food system outcomes?’ This was done by conducting a literature search for peer-reviewed research articles. The key messages are that informal midstream food sectors are typically deeply embedded in local contexts. Therefore, diverse contexts and actors require locally tailored approaches to enhance their contributions to food system outcomes. It is recommended to enhance our understanding of relations between informal midstream actors, and formal and informal service supply chains that address the supply of parts, materials, personnel and services needed to operate agri-food supply chains.