Enemies at work : can they hinder your career?

This paper addresses the question to what extent foes deteriorate a person's labor market position and block persons in their labor market position. We improve upon earlier research by explicitly focusing on the negative effects of social capital. A second way to improve upon earlier findings is to use a life-course approach. A third way to improve our knowledge regarding the influence of social capital on labor market careers is to focus explicitly on career immobility.With this research we do not only show that foes matter in the occupational career. We elaborate upon earlier research by the inclusion of foes, and we also show to what extent foes matter, for whom they matter and under what conditions they are especially harmful.