Effects of climate change on growth of 0-group sole and plaice

The effect of rising seawater temperature on growth of 0-group sole Solea solea and plaice Pleuronectes platessa in the southeastern North Sea was investigated for the period 1970 to 2004 using annual autumn pre-recruit survey data and frequent surveys on a nursery ground. Autumn length showed an increasing trend in sole but not in plaice. Increasing winter temperatures significantly increased the growing period of sole, a warm-water species that spawns in spring, but not of plaice, a temperate species that spawns in winter. Growth rate increased with higher summer temperatures in sole and to a lesser degree in plaice. Compared to experimental growth rates at ambient temperatures and unlimited food, observed growth rates were close to experimental values until mid-June but were much lower in July to September, suggesting food limitation in summer. The higher temperatures observed since 1989 positively affected the quality of the shallow coastal waters as a nursery area for sole but not for plaice. A further increase may negatively affect the nursery quality if the production rate of benthic food cannot meet the increase in energy requirements of 0-group flatfish.
The effect of rising seawater temperature on growth of 0-group sole Solea solea and plaice Pleuronectes platessa in the southeastern North Sea was investigated for the period 1970 to 2004 using annual autumn pre-recruit survey data and frequent surveys on a nursery ground. Autumn length showed an increasing trend in sole but not in plaice. Increasing winter temperatures significantly increased the growing period of sole, a warm-water species that spawns in spring, but not of plaice, a temperate species that spawns in winter. Growth rate increased with higher summer temperatures in sole and to a lesser degree in plaice. Compared to experimental growth rates at ambient temperatures and unlimited food, observed growth rates were close to experimental values until mid-June but were much lower in July to September, suggesting food limitation in summer. The higher temperatures observed since 1989 positively affected the quality of the shallow coastal waters as a nursery area for sole but not for plaice. A further increase may negatively affect the nursery quality if the production rate of benthic food cannot meet the increase in energy requirements of 0-group flatfish.