TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of daily antenatal iron supplementation on plasmodium infection in Kenyan women. A randomized clinical trial
AU - Mwangi, M.N.
AU - Roth, J.M.
AU - Smit, M.R.
AU - Trijsburg, Laura
AU - Mwangi, A.M.
AU - Demir, A.Y.
AU - Wielders, J.P.M.
AU - Mens, P.F.
AU - Verweij, J.J.
AU - Cox, S.E.
AU - Prentice, A.M.
AU - Brouwer, I.D.
AU - Savelkoul, H.F.J.
AU - Andang'o, P.E.A.
AU - Verhoef, J.C.M.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Importance Anemia affects most pregnant African women and is predominantly due to iron deficiency, but antenatal iron supplementation has uncertain health benefits and can increase the malaria burden.
Objective To measure the effect of antenatal iron supplementation on maternal Plasmodium infection risk, maternal iron status, and neonatal outcomes.
Design, Setting, and Participants Randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted October 2011 through April 2013 in a malaria endemic area among 470 rural Kenyan women aged 15 to 45 years with singleton pregnancies, gestational age of 13 to 23 weeks, and hemoglobin concentration of 9 g/dL or greater. All women received 5.7 mg iron/day through flour fortification during intervention, and usual intermittent preventive treatment against malaria was given.
Interventions Supervised daily supplementation with 60 mg of elemental iron (as ferrous fumarate, n¿=¿237 women) or placebo (n¿=¿233) from randomization until 1 month postpartum.
Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was maternal Plasmodium infection at birth. Predefined secondary outcomes were birth weight and gestational age at delivery, intrauterine growth, and maternal and infant iron status at 1 month after birth.
Results Among the 470 participating women, 40 women (22 iron, 18 placebo) were lost to follow-up or excluded at birth; 12 mothers were lost to follow-up postpartum (5 iron, 7 placebo). At baseline, 190 of 318 women (59.7%) were iron-deficient. In intention-to-treat analysis, comparison of women who received iron vs placebo, respectively, yielded the following results at birth: Plasmodium infection risk: 50.9% vs 52.1% (crude difference, -1.2%, 95% CI, -11.8% to 9.5%; P¿=¿.83); birth weight: 3202 g vs 3053 g (crude difference, 150 g, 95% CI, 56 to 244; P¿=¿.002); birth-weight-for-gestational-age z score: 0.52 vs 0.31 (crude difference, 0.21, 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.52; P¿=¿.20); and at 1 month after birth: maternal hemoglobin concentration: 12.89 g/dL vs 11.99 g/dL (crude difference, 0.90 g/dL, 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.19; P¿
AB - Importance Anemia affects most pregnant African women and is predominantly due to iron deficiency, but antenatal iron supplementation has uncertain health benefits and can increase the malaria burden.
Objective To measure the effect of antenatal iron supplementation on maternal Plasmodium infection risk, maternal iron status, and neonatal outcomes.
Design, Setting, and Participants Randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted October 2011 through April 2013 in a malaria endemic area among 470 rural Kenyan women aged 15 to 45 years with singleton pregnancies, gestational age of 13 to 23 weeks, and hemoglobin concentration of 9 g/dL or greater. All women received 5.7 mg iron/day through flour fortification during intervention, and usual intermittent preventive treatment against malaria was given.
Interventions Supervised daily supplementation with 60 mg of elemental iron (as ferrous fumarate, n¿=¿237 women) or placebo (n¿=¿233) from randomization until 1 month postpartum.
Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was maternal Plasmodium infection at birth. Predefined secondary outcomes were birth weight and gestational age at delivery, intrauterine growth, and maternal and infant iron status at 1 month after birth.
Results Among the 470 participating women, 40 women (22 iron, 18 placebo) were lost to follow-up or excluded at birth; 12 mothers were lost to follow-up postpartum (5 iron, 7 placebo). At baseline, 190 of 318 women (59.7%) were iron-deficient. In intention-to-treat analysis, comparison of women who received iron vs placebo, respectively, yielded the following results at birth: Plasmodium infection risk: 50.9% vs 52.1% (crude difference, -1.2%, 95% CI, -11.8% to 9.5%; P¿=¿.83); birth weight: 3202 g vs 3053 g (crude difference, 150 g, 95% CI, 56 to 244; P¿=¿.002); birth-weight-for-gestational-age z score: 0.52 vs 0.31 (crude difference, 0.21, 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.52; P¿=¿.20); and at 1 month after birth: maternal hemoglobin concentration: 12.89 g/dL vs 11.99 g/dL (crude difference, 0.90 g/dL, 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.19; P¿
U2 - 10.1001/jama.2015.9496
DO - 10.1001/jama.2015.9496
M3 - Article
SN - 0098-7484
VL - 314
SP - 1009
EP - 1020
JO - JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
JF - JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
IS - 10
ER -
