Economische gevolgen van de aanwezigheid van wolven in Nederland: Gevolgen voor toerisme en veehouderij

The core question answered in this report is: what are the economic consequences of the establishment of wolves in the Netherlands for the tourism sector and livestock farming? At the sectoral level, the economic effects of the establishment of wolves are limited for both the tourism sector and livestock farming, but are increasing significantly in livestock farming. At the farm level, in the tourism sector negative economic effects occur primarily in areas where the government is taking measures and providing advice due to problematic wolf behavior. In livestock farming, damage is concentrated at a limited number of farms that have been repeatedly attacked. Direct damage is compensated. Subsidies can be applied for wolf-deterrent measures. Indirect costs, particularly labor, are not compensated. The research was conducted based on a literature review, data analysis, and interviews with entrepreneurs in the tourism sector, affected livestock farmers, land managers, and other stakeholders.