Distribution robust water-based demand side management in power transmission networks

A. Belmondo Bianchi*, J. Willet, H.H.M. Rijnaarts, S.S. Torbaghan

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The increasing share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix is posing new challenges for operating the power system. As a result, system operators must use the available flexibility more effectively to accommodate the surge in renewable energy. There are different ways to source flexibility including demand-response measures and sector integration. This paper investigates the utilization of flexibility from an integrated water and power network. A novel, augmented, distribution robust chance-constrained market clearing problem is proposed, assuming a centralized and fully competitive market set-up. Power generators and water pumps are modelled as flexible assets to procure flexibility from the integrated water and power network. Affine response policies and availability costs are defined to regulate the flexibility dispatch mechanism. The resulting coordination mechanism is nonlinear and non-convex. To make the problem feasible, different approximation and relaxation techniques are applied. A novel, hybrid, convex hull-based relaxation technique is proposed to convexify the friction head losses and pump energy consumption. The resulting problem is a second-order cone program which enables the power system operator to properly estimate and utilize the demand-side flexibility available in the water network. The results show that the electricity market benefits from grid flexibility obtained through the coordinated operation of controllable power generators and water pump loads. Under studied conditions, it was found that water pumps, when functioning as demand-response providers, can effectively compensate for power system imbalances, covering up to 25% of the total wind power mismatch. The sensitivity analysis emphasized the substantial impact of varying availability costs on the responses of flexible generators and water pumps. The error analysis identified the convex approximation of friction head losses as the primary source of inaccuracy in our model.
Original languageEnglish
Article number101232
JournalSustainable Energy, Grids and Networks
Volume36
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2023

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