Digital Opportunity or a Threat? Adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) Monitoring Systems for Natural Resources in Germany

In Germany, modern digital technologies like Internet of Things (IoT) have been increasingly promoted for better environmental and natural resources management through “smart” monitoring and real-time data. However, adopting such advanced technologies is complex and brings a wide array of risks and challenges, and it remains unclear whether local actors are in fact willing and sufficiently equipped to adopt them. Using the Motivations and Abilities (MOTA) framework, and quantitative data collection and analysis methods, this study explores the motivations and abilities of German local (governmental) actors by focusing on the adoption of IoT-based forest and water monitoring systems. The findings reveal an early-stage adoption of IoT environmental monitoring, with limited awareness and no plans for adoption. The lack of willingness, however, is not attributed to a lack of motivation; it is, rather, influenced by perceived insufficient financial and technical capacities and resources. This study provides novel insights for understanding the complex relationship between actors’ behavior and the adoption of advanced digital technologies in the realm of environmental and natural resources management. The results provide a robust foundation for future research, and inform policy and practice aimed at facilitating digitalized natural resources management.