Design and operation of nitrifying trickling filters in recirculating aquaculture: a review

E.H. Eding, A. Kamstra, J.A.J. Verreth, E.A. Huisman, A. Klapwijk

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

201 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This review deals with the main mechanisms and parameters affecting design and performance of trickling filters in aquaculture. Relationships between nitrification rates and easily accessible process parameters, like bulk phase concentration of TAN, O2, organic matter (COD), nitrite, temperature, HCO3¿, pH and the hydraulic loading of the trickling filter, are discussed in relation to the design and operation of such filters. Trickling filter design procedures are presented and one of them, a model describing the nitrification performance of trickling filters by plug-flow characteristics, is discussed in greater detail. Finally, practical aspects in relation to filter design and operation are presented
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)234-260
JournalAquacultural Engineering
Volume34
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2006

Keywords

  • fixed-film nitrification
  • fish culture systems
  • biofilm reactors
  • water-treatment
  • temperature
  • performance
  • ph
  • effluents
  • discharge
  • impact

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