Comined effects of smoking and alcohol on metabolic syndrome: the lifelines cohort study

S.N. Slagter, J.V. Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J.M. Vonk, H.M. Boezen, R.P.F. Dullaart, A.C. Muller Kobold, E.J.M. Feskens, A.P. van Beek, M.M. van der Klauw, B.H.R. Wolffenbuttel

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

75 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Introduction - The development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is influenced by environmental factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption. We determined the combined effects of smoking and alcohol on MetS and its individual components. Methods - 64,046 participants aged 18–80 years from the LifeLines Cohort study were categorized into three body mass index (BMI) classes (BMI1 drink/day) and tobacco showed higher triglycerides levels. Up to 2 drinks/day was associated with a smaller waist circumference in overweight and obese individuals. Consumption of >2 drinks/day increased blood pressure, with the strongest associations found for heavy smokers. The overall metabolic profile of wine drinkers was better than that of non-drinkers or drinkers of beer or spirits/mixed drinks. Conclusion - Light alcohol consumption may moderate the negative associations of smoking with MetS. Our results suggest that the lifestyle advice that emphasizes smoking cessation and the restriction of alcohol consumption to a maximum of 1 drink/day, is a good approach to reduce the prevalence of MetS. Figures
Original languageEnglish
Article numbere96406
Number of pages9
JournalPLoS ONE
Volume9
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2014

Keywords

  • genome-wide association
  • nutrition examination survey
  • coronary-heart-disease
  • body-mass index
  • blood-pressure
  • waist circumference
  • cigarette-smoking
  • physical-activity
  • national-health
  • dietary-intake

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