Biofiltration for Mitigation of Methane Emission from Animal Husbandry

Removal of methane from exhaust air of animal houses and manure storage has a large potential for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from animal husbandry. The aim of this study was to design a biofilter for methane removal at a full-scale livestock production facility. Air from the headspace of a covered 6 m3 liquid manure storage (air flow: 0.75-8.5 m3 m-3 h-1; CH4: 500-5500 mg m-3) was treated in an experimental biofilter (160 L). The filterbed, a mixture of compost and perlite in a 40:60 (v/v) ratio, was inoculated with activated sludge that had shown a good methane oxidation rate as compared to pure cultures in preceding laboratory tests. Methane removal up to 85% could be achieved in the experimental biofilter. The methane removal (g m-3 h-1) appeared to be proportional to the concentration (g m-3) with k = 2.5 h-1. Relatively low methane concentrations and high air flows, as reported for the exhaust air of animal houses, would require very large biofilter sizes. Extrapolation of the results showed that treatment of air from a 1000 m3 liquid manure storage with a methane concentration of 22 g m-3 would require a 20 m3 biofilter for a desired emission reduction of 50%. The costs for such a biofilter are USD 26 per t of CO2 equiv reduction.