Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time

H. Stallinga; J.C. van de Zande; J.G.P. Michielsen; P. van Velde; H.J. Holterman

Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time

H. Stallinga, J.C. van de Zande, J.G.P. Michielsen, P. van Velde, H.J. Holterman

Agro Field Technology Innovations

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference paper › Academic

Abstract

Fluorescent dyes are convenient tracers in field studies on spray deposition and spray drift. However, such tracers are known to degrade when exposed to direct sunlight. Brilliant Sulpho Flavine (BSF) is one of the more stable tracers. Recent drift studies questioned the reliability of particular batches of this tracer. Therefore the rate of degradation of several batches of BSF was investigated. Passive collectors as used in field experiments were sprayed with aqueous solutions of BSF at various concentrations. The collectors were exposed to sunlight for times between 0 and 60 minutes. Afterwards, collectors were analysed directly or stored in a dark and cool place for up to 8 weeks before analysis of the deposits. The results indicated that all batches used showed degradation in sunlight, though differences between various batches can be large. Storage up to 8 weeks appeared to have no adverse effects on recovery. There seemed to be some effects of BSF concentration on degradation rate, though a clear relation between concentration and degradation was not found.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads
Editors	P.G. Anderson, P. Balsari, P.I. Carpenter, S.E. Cooper, C.R. Glass, B. Magri, P.C.H. Miller, C. Mountford-Smit, T.H. Robinson, D. Stock, W.A. Taylor, J. van de Zande
Publisher	Association of Applied Biologists
Pages	287-292
Volume	114
Publication status	Published - 2012
Event	International Advances in Pesticide Application, Wageningen, the Netherlands - Duration: 10 Jan 2012 → 12 Jan 2012

Publication series

Name	Aspects of Applied Biology
Number	114
ISSN (Print)	0265-1491

Conference/symposium

Conference/symposium	International Advances in Pesticide Application, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Period	10/01/12 → 12/01/12

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Stallinga, H., van de Zande, J. C., Michielsen, J. G. P., van Velde, P., & Holterman, H. J. (2012). Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time. In P. G. Anderson, P. Balsari, P. I. Carpenter, S. E. Cooper, C. R. Glass, B. Magri, P. C. H. Miller, C. Mountford-Smit, T. H. Robinson, D. Stock, W. A. Taylor, & J. van de Zande (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads (Vol. 114, pp. 287-292). (Aspects of Applied Biology; No. 114). Association of Applied Biologists. https://www.aab.org.uk/aspects-of-applied-biology/

Stallinga, H. ; van de Zande, J.C. ; Michielsen, J.G.P. et al. / Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time. Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads. editor / P.G. Anderson ; P. Balsari ; P.I. Carpenter ; S.E. Cooper ; C.R. Glass ; B. Magri ; P.C.H. Miller ; C. Mountford-Smit ; T.H. Robinson ; D. Stock ; W.A. Taylor ; J. van de Zande. Vol. 114 Association of Applied Biologists, 2012. pp. 287-292 (Aspects of Applied Biology; 114).

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title = "Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time",

abstract = "Fluorescent dyes are convenient tracers in field studies on spray deposition and spray drift. However, such tracers are known to degrade when exposed to direct sunlight. Brilliant Sulpho Flavine (BSF) is one of the more stable tracers. Recent drift studies questioned the reliability of particular batches of this tracer. Therefore the rate of degradation of several batches of BSF was investigated. Passive collectors as used in field experiments were sprayed with aqueous solutions of BSF at various concentrations. The collectors were exposed to sunlight for times between 0 and 60 minutes. Afterwards, collectors were analysed directly or stored in a dark and cool place for up to 8 weeks before analysis of the deposits. The results indicated that all batches used showed degradation in sunlight, though differences between various batches can be large. Storage up to 8 weeks appeared to have no adverse effects on recovery. There seemed to be some effects of BSF concentration on degradation rate, though a clear relation between concentration and degradation was not found.",

author = "H. Stallinga and {van de Zande}, J.C. and J.G.P. Michielsen and {van Velde}, P. and H.J. Holterman",

year = "2012",

language = "English",

volume = "114",

series = "Aspects of Applied Biology",

publisher = "Association of Applied Biologists",

number = "114",

pages = "287--292",

editor = "P.G. Anderson and P. Balsari and P.I. Carpenter and S.E. Cooper and C.R. Glass and B. Magri and P.C.H. Miller and C. Mountford-Smit and T.H. Robinson and D. Stock and W.A. Taylor and {van de Zande}, J.",

booktitle = "Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads",

address = "United Kingdom",

note = "International Advances in Pesticide Application, Wageningen, the Netherlands ; Conference date: 10-01-2012 Through 12-01-2012",

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Stallinga, H , van de Zande, JC , Michielsen, JGP, van Velde, P & Holterman, HJ 2012, Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time. in PG Anderson, P Balsari, PI Carpenter, SE Cooper, CR Glass, B Magri, PCH Miller, C Mountford-Smit, TH Robinson, D Stock, WA Taylor & J van de Zande (eds), Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads. vol. 114, Aspects of Applied Biology, no. 114, Association of Applied Biologists, pp. 287-292, International Advances in Pesticide Application, Wageningen, the Netherlands, 10/01/12. <https://www.aab.org.uk/aspects-of-applied-biology/>

Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time. / Stallinga, H.; van de Zande, J.C.; Michielsen, J.G.P. et al.
Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads. ed. / P.G. Anderson; P. Balsari; P.I. Carpenter; S.E. Cooper; C.R. Glass; B. Magri; P.C.H. Miller; C. Mountford-Smit; T.H. Robinson; D. Stock; W.A. Taylor; J. van de Zande. Vol. 114 Association of Applied Biologists, 2012. p. 287-292 (Aspects of Applied Biology; No. 114).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference paper › Academic

TY - GEN

T1 - Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time

AU - Stallinga, H.

AU - van de Zande, J.C.

AU - Michielsen, J.G.P.

AU - van Velde, P.

AU - Holterman, H.J.

PY - 2012

Y1 - 2012

N2 - Fluorescent dyes are convenient tracers in field studies on spray deposition and spray drift. However, such tracers are known to degrade when exposed to direct sunlight. Brilliant Sulpho Flavine (BSF) is one of the more stable tracers. Recent drift studies questioned the reliability of particular batches of this tracer. Therefore the rate of degradation of several batches of BSF was investigated. Passive collectors as used in field experiments were sprayed with aqueous solutions of BSF at various concentrations. The collectors were exposed to sunlight for times between 0 and 60 minutes. Afterwards, collectors were analysed directly or stored in a dark and cool place for up to 8 weeks before analysis of the deposits. The results indicated that all batches used showed degradation in sunlight, though differences between various batches can be large. Storage up to 8 weeks appeared to have no adverse effects on recovery. There seemed to be some effects of BSF concentration on degradation rate, though a clear relation between concentration and degradation was not found.

AB - Fluorescent dyes are convenient tracers in field studies on spray deposition and spray drift. However, such tracers are known to degrade when exposed to direct sunlight. Brilliant Sulpho Flavine (BSF) is one of the more stable tracers. Recent drift studies questioned the reliability of particular batches of this tracer. Therefore the rate of degradation of several batches of BSF was investigated. Passive collectors as used in field experiments were sprayed with aqueous solutions of BSF at various concentrations. The collectors were exposed to sunlight for times between 0 and 60 minutes. Afterwards, collectors were analysed directly or stored in a dark and cool place for up to 8 weeks before analysis of the deposits. The results indicated that all batches used showed degradation in sunlight, though differences between various batches can be large. Storage up to 8 weeks appeared to have no adverse effects on recovery. There seemed to be some effects of BSF concentration on degradation rate, though a clear relation between concentration and degradation was not found.

M3 - Conference paper

VL - 114

T3 - Aspects of Applied Biology

SP - 287

EP - 292

BT - Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads

A2 - Anderson, P.G.

A2 - Balsari, P.

A2 - Carpenter, P.I.

A2 - Cooper, S.E.

A2 - Glass, C.R.

A2 - Magri, B.

A2 - Miller, P.C.H.

A2 - Mountford-Smit, C.

A2 - Robinson, T.H.

A2 - Stock, D.

A2 - Taylor, W.A.

A2 - van de Zande, J.

PB - Association of Applied Biologists

T2 - International Advances in Pesticide Application, Wageningen, the Netherlands

Y2 - 10 January 2012 through 12 January 2012

ER -

Stallinga H , van de Zande JC , Michielsen JGP, van Velde P, Holterman HJ. Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time. In Anderson PG, Balsari P, Carpenter PI, Cooper SE, Glass CR, Magri B, Miller PCH, Mountford-Smit C, Robinson TH, Stock D, Taylor WA, van de Zande J, editors, Proceedings of the International Advances in Pesticide Application, 10-12 January 2012, Wageningen, the Netherlnads. Vol. 114. Association of Applied Biologists. 2012. p. 287-292. (Aspects of Applied Biology; 114).

Batch effect of the fluorescent tracer BSF on breakdown in sunlight and storage time

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