TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations of alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid with risk factors for coronary heart disease
AU - Bemelmans, W.J.E.
AU - Muskiet, F.A.J.
AU - Feskens, E.J.M.
AU - de Vries, F.H.M.
AU - May, J.F.
AU - Meyboom-de Jong, B.
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - Background: Prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in high-risk subjects. Objective: To investigate the associations of dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) as assessed by food frequency questionnaire and in the plasma cholesteryl ester (CE), with CHD risk factors. Design: Baseline data of a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Subjects have hypercholesterolemia (6.0-8.0 mmol/l) and at least two other CHD risk factors (n=266). Results: The reported dietary ALA and LA intakes and the LA/ALA ratio were associated with the contents in the CE (r=0.37, r=0.21, and r=0.42, respectively; P<0.01). In multivariate analysis, CE ALA was inversely associated with diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.13; P<0.05) and positively with serum triacylglycerol (r=0.13; P<0.05), and CE LA was inversely associated with serum triacylglycerol (r=-0.32; P<0.01). The CE LA/ALA ratio was strongly inversely associated with CE ALA (r=-0.95; P<0.01). In the lowest quintile of CE ALA, mean dietary intake was 0.4 energyLA (1.2 g/day), 8.4 energy ␕A and an LA/ALA ratio of 21, and in the highest quintile 0.6 energyLA (1.7 g/day), 6.8 energy ␕A and 12 (ratio). In the lowest quintile of CE ALA the diastolic blood pressure was 4 mmHg lower (P trend<0.05), and the serum triacylglycerol 0.3 mmol/l higher (P trend NS) when compared with the top quintile. Conclusions: In a CHD high-risk population with LA-rich background diet, these cross-sectional data suggest that replacing LA in the diet by ALA may decrease diastolic blood pressure, and may increase serum triacylglycerol concentration.
AB - Background: Prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD) in high-risk subjects. Objective: To investigate the associations of dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) as assessed by food frequency questionnaire and in the plasma cholesteryl ester (CE), with CHD risk factors. Design: Baseline data of a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Subjects have hypercholesterolemia (6.0-8.0 mmol/l) and at least two other CHD risk factors (n=266). Results: The reported dietary ALA and LA intakes and the LA/ALA ratio were associated with the contents in the CE (r=0.37, r=0.21, and r=0.42, respectively; P<0.01). In multivariate analysis, CE ALA was inversely associated with diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.13; P<0.05) and positively with serum triacylglycerol (r=0.13; P<0.05), and CE LA was inversely associated with serum triacylglycerol (r=-0.32; P<0.01). The CE LA/ALA ratio was strongly inversely associated with CE ALA (r=-0.95; P<0.01). In the lowest quintile of CE ALA, mean dietary intake was 0.4 energyLA (1.2 g/day), 8.4 energy ␕A and an LA/ALA ratio of 21, and in the highest quintile 0.6 energyLA (1.7 g/day), 6.8 energy ␕A and 12 (ratio). In the lowest quintile of CE ALA the diastolic blood pressure was 4 mmHg lower (P trend<0.05), and the serum triacylglycerol 0.3 mmol/l higher (P trend NS) when compared with the top quintile. Conclusions: In a CHD high-risk population with LA-rich background diet, these cross-sectional data suggest that replacing LA in the diet by ALA may decrease diastolic blood pressure, and may increase serum triacylglycerol concentration.
KW - Alpha-linolenic acid
KW - Blood pressure
KW - CHD risk factors
KW - Linoleic acid
KW - Plasma cholesteryl ester
KW - Serum triacylglycerol
U2 - 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601102
DO - 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601102
M3 - Article
SN - 0954-3007
VL - 54
SP - 865
EP - 871
JO - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
ER -