TY - JOUR
T1 - Apple polyphenols extract (APE) improves colon damage in a rat model of colitis
AU - D'Argenio, Giuseppe
AU - Mazzone, Giovanna
AU - Tuccillo, Concetta
AU - Ribecco, Maria T.
AU - Graziani, Giulia
AU - Gravina, Antonietta G.
AU - Caserta, Sergio
AU - Guido, Stefano
AU - Fogliano, Vincenzo
AU - Caporaso, Nicola
AU - Romano, Marco
PY - 2012/7
Y1 - 2012/7
N2 - Background and aim: Searching for alternative therapies that are effective, safe and less expensive of those currently used for ulcerative colitis, we investigated the efficacy of a polyphenol extract from apple in rat colitis. Methods: Rats with trinitrobenzensulphonic acid-induced colitis were treated daily with rectal administration of apple polyphenols 10 -4M for 14 days. COX-2, TNF-α, tissue transglutaminase and calpain in colon mucosa samples were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. To ascertain the role of tissue transglutaminase in mucosal healing, wounded rat fibroblasts were incubated with cystamine (a tissue transglutaminase activity inhibitor). Results: Colitis was associated with increased COX-2, TNF-α, calpain, and tissue transglutaminase mRNA. The protein expression of COX-2, TNF-α and calpain was increased whilst tissue transglutaminase was decreased. Apple extract treatment reduced the severity of colitis (. p<. 0.05) and restored all the considered biomarkers at the baseline level. Apple polyphenols reduced the degradation of tissue transglutaminase protein occurring through calpain action. Apple polyphenols-treated wounded fibroblast recovered within 24. h showing intense immunoreactivity for tissue transglutaminase. Conclusion: The efficacy of apple extract is mediated by its effects on COX-2 and TNF-α. The unbalance between calpain and tissue transglutaminase may play a role in colonic damage and future therapeutic interventions in ulcerative colitis can target this mechanisms.
AB - Background and aim: Searching for alternative therapies that are effective, safe and less expensive of those currently used for ulcerative colitis, we investigated the efficacy of a polyphenol extract from apple in rat colitis. Methods: Rats with trinitrobenzensulphonic acid-induced colitis were treated daily with rectal administration of apple polyphenols 10 -4M for 14 days. COX-2, TNF-α, tissue transglutaminase and calpain in colon mucosa samples were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. To ascertain the role of tissue transglutaminase in mucosal healing, wounded rat fibroblasts were incubated with cystamine (a tissue transglutaminase activity inhibitor). Results: Colitis was associated with increased COX-2, TNF-α, calpain, and tissue transglutaminase mRNA. The protein expression of COX-2, TNF-α and calpain was increased whilst tissue transglutaminase was decreased. Apple extract treatment reduced the severity of colitis (. p<. 0.05) and restored all the considered biomarkers at the baseline level. Apple polyphenols reduced the degradation of tissue transglutaminase protein occurring through calpain action. Apple polyphenols-treated wounded fibroblast recovered within 24. h showing intense immunoreactivity for tissue transglutaminase. Conclusion: The efficacy of apple extract is mediated by its effects on COX-2 and TNF-α. The unbalance between calpain and tissue transglutaminase may play a role in colonic damage and future therapeutic interventions in ulcerative colitis can target this mechanisms.
KW - Apple polyphenols
KW - Calpain
KW - Rat colitis
KW - Tissue transglutaminase
U2 - 10.1016/j.dld.2012.01.009
DO - 10.1016/j.dld.2012.01.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 22381211
AN - SCOPUS:84861349298
SN - 1590-8658
VL - 44
SP - 555
EP - 562
JO - Digestive and Liver Disease
JF - Digestive and Liver Disease
IS - 7
ER -