A Qualitative Exploration of Educational Experiences of Pakistani Students at Dutch Universities

The number of Pakistani students studying at foreign universities (e.g., in the Netherlands) is increasing. However, they appear to face educational and cultural challenges. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe these challenges. In this study, 12 Pakistani students enrolled in graduate and postgraduate programs at two Dutch universities participated in a semi-structured interview procedure. The thematic analysis revealed that Pakistani students perceived academic challenges regarding examination practices, academic writing, class participation and group work, which hindered their academic adjustment. They expressed that these challenges were primarily reflective of differences between the educational practices of their home and the host country. They reported the need for support from staff, friends, and family and appreciated the pedagogical practices, course content, and teaching practices at their host universities. Finally, they shared valuable advice for forthcoming students. This study provides recommendations for universities in Pakistan and abroad, and for Pakistani students when they plan to go for education outside Pakistan.