Diversifying forage production systems: increasing productivity and resource use efficiency.

Intercropping has been found to significantly increase the yield, resource use efficiency, and agriculture ecosystem services. However, many intercropping systems are not aiming to harvest grains but to produce forage. Thus, the forage quality of intercropping should be determined. A meta-analysis and two years of perennials (red clover, whiter clover, and Lucerne)/maize intercropping field experiment has been conducted in Wageningen, the Netherlands.