Development of In Vitro Porcine Macrophage Differentiation and PRRSV Infection Models

Topigs project:
Porcine macrophages play a central role in antiviral defense and are the primary target cells for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV). To better understand macrophage biology and their interactions with PRRSV, this project establishes two complementary in vitro systems. First, an in vitro differentiation model for porcine macrophages is developed using isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). A comprehensive panel of phenotypic markers and functional assays is generated to characterize macrophage subsets and distinguish between M1 and M2 polarization states. Primary alveolar macrophages are also isolated and characterized to provide a physiologically relevant reference population. Second, these macrophage models are used to develop an in vitro PRRSV infection system. Infection studies are performed on differentiated M1 and M2 macrophages, as well as on primary alveolar macrophages, to evaluate differences in susceptibility, viral replication, and immune responses. Together, these models provide a controlled platform for studying porcine macrophage function and PRRSV pathogenesis, supporting future research and therapeutic development in swine health.