Be prepared for future food safety issues in our circular production systems (KB-34-002-024, KB-34-002-001)

Residual streams, such as various types of sludge and marine waste streams, have the potential to be used in our circular food system. They consist of large volumes and have relatively low value and limited valorization options. However, by using these streams within circular food production, food safety hazards, including pathogens and chemicals, may accumulate or new –unknown- food safety hazards may emerge. The goal of this project is to assess how, where and which known and new food safety hazards may affect the safety of circular food production. The aim is to use state-of-the-art methodologies to identify and quantify food safety hazards in different residual streams and determine the fate of selected hazards in circular systems and the impact of the use of residual streams on the microbiota in the system. First, a survey will be performed to determine the presence of chemical and microbiological hazards in current and potential future residual streams to be used in our circular food system. The fate (persistence, (re)contamination and transfer) of a set of microbiological and chemical hazards in circular food systems will be studied in specific case studies of a circular insect and marine food system. Furthermore, the effects of chemical hazards on microbiota and the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARG) will be studied in these systems. The data will help to select promising safe residual streams that can be used in circular food production systems. It will also give insights into opportunities for mitigating (e.g., with processing) food safety hazards in circular food systems.