Dataset regarding the manuscript "The impact of geothermal resources on the competitiveness of municipalities: evidence from Poland.” Data presents the process of building the municipalities' competitiveness indicators in Poland. These indicators are aggregated by the Analytical Hierarchy Process to result in a synthetic competitiveness index of the examined municipalities. Further on, the competitiveness indicator is examined in a relation to variables that illustrate the local exploitation of geothermal resources in Poland. Panel data regression is used to test the data.